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Medical Terms
Chapter 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adrenal Gland (Suprarenals) | Two small, triangular shaped glands located on top of each kidney. Each gland weighs about 5 g and consists of an outer portion or cortex and and inner portion called the medulla. |
| Adrenal Cortex | Essential to life due to its secretions of a group of hormones, the glucocorticoids, the mineralocorticoids and the androgens. The hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex and their functions are described in table 13.2 |
| Glucocorticoids | The two glucocorticoid hormones are cortisol and corticosterone. |
| Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) | The principal steroid hormones secreted by the cortex. Hypo secretion of cortisol can result in Addison's disease; hyper secretion can result in Cushing disease. |
| Corticosterone | A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It is essential for the normal use of carbohydrates, the absorption of glucose, and the formation of glycogen in the liver and tissues. It also influences potassium sodium metabolism. |
| Mineralocorticoids | Aldosterone is the principal mineralocorticoid secreted by the end renal cortex. It is essential and regulating electrolyte and water balance by promoting sodium and chloride reabsorption and potassium excretion. |
| Androgens | Refers to a substance or home on that promotes to the development of my male characteristics. The two main engine hormones are testosterone and Androsterone. They are essential for development of the male secondary sex characteristics. |
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vonni22
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