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Mental Health

Mental Disorders and treatments

TermDefinition
agor/a marketplace
aut/o self
centr/o center
cycl/o circle, cycle
delus/o to cheat
neur/o nerve
path/o disease
phren/o mind
psych/o mind
schiz/o to divide
somat/o body
thym/o mind, emotion
affect In psychology, observable evidence of an individual's emotional reaction associated with an experience
affective disorder Characterized by a disturbance of mood accompanied by a manic or depressive syndrome; this syndrome is not caused by any other physical or mental disorder
agoraphobia An anxiety disorder; agoraphobia involves intense feat and anxiety in any place or situation where escape might be difficult, leading to avoidance of being alone outside of the home; traveling in a car, bus, or airplane; or being in a crowded area
anorexia nervosa Complex psychological disorder in which the individual refuses to eat or has an abnormally limited eating pattern
anxiety Feeling of uneasiness, apprehension, worry, or dread; involuntary or reflex reaction of the body to stress
anxiety disorders Mental disorders that can affect adults and children and are chronic, growing progressively worse if not treated
apathy Condition in which a person lacks feelings and emotions and is indifferent
apperception Comprehension or assimilation of the meaning and significance of a particular sensory stimulus as modified by an individual's own experiences, knowledge, thoughts, and emotions
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) One of the most common childhood disorder, ADHD can continue through adolescence and adulthood. Staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and hyperactivity are symptoms
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) A new DSM-5 term that reflects a scientific consensus that four previously separate disorders are actually a single condition with different levels of symptom severity
bipolar disorder Brain disorder also known as manic-depressive illness that causes unusual shifts in a person's mood, energy, and ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. Characterized by cycling mood changes
compulsion Uncontrollable, recurrent, and distressing urge to perform an act in order to relieve fear connected with obsession
cyclothymic disorder Mood disorder characterized by alternating moods of elation and depression, similar to bipolar disorder but of milder intensity
delirium Characterized by bizarre though that have no basis in reality; a fixed, false belief or abnormal perception held by a person despite evidence to the contrary
dementia Problem in the brain that makes it difficult for a person to remember, learn, and communicate and eventually to take care of him or herself
depression Mental disorder marked by altered mood and loss of interest in things that are usually pleasurable such as food, sex, work, friends, hobbies, or entertainment
dysthymia Less severe type of depression; involves long-term, chronic symptoms that do not disable but keep an individual from functioning well or feeling good
dissociation Defense mechanism in which a group of mental processes become separated from normal consciousness and, thus separated, function as a unitary whole
eating disorders Disorders that cause serious disturbances to an individual's everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amount of food or severely overeating
egocentric Pertaining to being self-centered
factitious disorder
fugue Dissociative disorder in which amnesia is accompanied by physical flight from customary surroundings.
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) Characterized by much higher levels of anxiety than people normally experience day to day. It is chronic and fills a person's day with exaggerated worry and tension
hallucination Process of experiencing sensations that have no source
hypomania Abnormal mood of mild mania characterized by hyperactivity, inflated self-esteem, talkativeness, heightened sexual interest, quickness to anger, irritability, and a decreased need for sleep
impulse control disorder Mental condition in which the person is unable to resist urges or impulses to perform acts that could be harmful to him- or herself or others
Pyromania Compulsion to start fires
kleptomania Compulsion to steal
mania Mental disorder characterized by excessive excitement; literally means madness
mood Pervasive and sustained emotion that plays a key role in an individual's perception of the world
neurotic Pertaining to one who has an abnormal emotional or mental disorder
norepinephrine Hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that acts as a neurotransmitter
obsession Neurotic state in which an individual has a recurrent, persistent thought, image, or impulse that is unwanted and distressing and comes involuntarily to mind despite attempts to resist
paranoia Mental disorder characterized by highly exaggerated or unwarranted mistrust or suspiciousness
personality disorder Mental disorder characterized by inflexible and maladaptive personality traits that are exhibited across many contexts and deviate markedly from those accepted by individual's culture; often causes problems in work, school or social relationships
phobia Morbid and persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid the feared stimulus
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Debilitating anxiety disorder that can develop following a terrifying event
psychiatrist Physician who specializes in the study and treatment of mental disorders
psychoanalysis Method of investigating the mental processes of an individual using the techniques of free association, interpretation, and dream analysis
psychologist Study of the mind and behavior, both normal and pathological
psychopath Mentally ill individual with an antisocial personality disorder; also called sociopath
psychosis Serious, abnormal mental condition in which the individual's mental capacity to recognize reality and communicate with and relate to others is impaired; the person can experience delusions and hullucinations
psychosomatic Pertaining to the interrelationship of the mind and the body; a manifestation of physical disease that has a mental origin
psychotherapy Method of treating mental disorders by using psychological techniques instead of physical methods; may involve talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, and role-playing
psychotropic Drug that affects psychic function, behavior, or experience
pyromania Impulsive disorder consisting of a compulsion to set fires or to watch fires; literally means a madness for fire; person suffering from this disorder receives pleasure and emotional relief from these activities
schizophrenia Mental disorder characterized by positive and negative symptoms
seasonal affective disorder (SAD) Form of depression that appears related to fluctuations in a person's exposure to natural light; usually strikes during autumn and often continues through the winter when natural light is reduced
Serotonin Chemical present in gastrointestinal mucosa, platelets, mast cells, and carcinoid tumors; a vasoconstrictor and a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS); affects sleep and sensory perception
sexual disorders Disorders that affect sexual desire, performance, and behavior
somatoform disorder Mental disorder, previously known as psychosomatic disorder, in which the person experiences physical symptoms of an illness that are not explained by medical condition or medication
substance abuse Misuse of medications, alcohol, or illegal substances
suicide Willfully ending one's own life. Associated with changes in brain chemicals, neurotransmitter, including serotonin
tic disorder Characterized by spasmodic muscular contractions most commonly involving the face, mouth, eyes, head, neck, or shoulder muscles; tics are of psychological origin
Created by: kathryn456
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