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Body Sys2- Sens Sys
Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pinna | the outer ear flap that forms the visible part of the ear; also known as the auricle |
| external auditory canal | the narrow passage that leads from the pinna to the tympanic membrane |
| tympanic membrane | also known as the eardrum; a thin membrane that separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear and transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles |
| ossicles | three tiny connected bones in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear |
| vestibular system | structures in the inner ear that form the sensory system responsible for detecting movement and providing a sense of balance |
| Eustachian tube | named after the sixteenth century anatomist; a small passageway that connects the middle ear to the throat, enabling the movement of air to equalize middle-ear and atmospheric pressure |
| iris | the thin, colored, circular structure in the eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye by contracting and expanding |
| pupil | the opening in the iris that lets light into the eye |
| lens | the flexible, transparent, egg-shaped structure in the eye that helps the cornea focus light on the retina by changing its shape |
| cornea | the transparent front-most part of the eye that helps the lens focus light on the retina |
| retina | the light-sensitive layer of cells that line the inner surface of the eye and transmit light signals to the brain |
| vitreous humor | the clear, gel-like fluid that fills the eye between the lens and the retina |
| otorhinolaryngology | also known as otolaryngology or ENT (ear, nose, and throat); the branch of medicine that deals with diseases and disorders of the head and neck |
| audiology | the branch of science that deals with hearing and balance, including the evaluation and rehabilitation of patients with related conditions |
| ophthalmology | the branch of medicine that deals with diseases and disorders of the eye |
| cerumen impaction | a collection of ear wax that blocks the external auditory canal, impairing the ability to hear |
| tinnitus | a symptom characterized by hearing noise, such as ringing or buzzing, for which there is no external source |
| vertigo | a symptom characterized by the sensation that one (or one’s surroundings) is spinning or moving |
| deafness | the partial or complete loss of the ability to hear |
| glaucoma | a group of diseases characterized by elevated pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure, or IOP), which can lead to damage of retinal structures with resulting blindness |
| color blindness | a group of mostly genetic (inborn) disorders characterized by a decreased or absent ability to see color or perceive color differences |
| cataract | clouding of the normally transparent lens of the eye; it is the most common cause of blindness |
| conjunctivitis | also called pinkeye; an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the outermost layer of the eye, caused by infection or allergies |
| audiometry | a procedure in which a person’s ability to hear is tested using an electronic device called an audiometer |
| pure tone audiometry | the most common type of audiometry used to diagnose and characterize hearing loss; it tests the ability to hear a variety of single-frequency, or pure, tones |
| caloric reflex test | a test of the vestibular system performed by irrigating the external ear canal with warm or cold water |
| tympanometry | a test used to characterize the mobility of the tympanic membrane and ossicles |
| visual acuity | the acuteness, or clearness, of vision, typically measured by having a person read alphabetic characters printed on a chart positioned a set distance away |
| refraction | the measurement and correction of the eye’s focusing system using corrective lenses |
| tonometry | the measurement of intraocular pressure |
| ophthalmoscopy | the examination of the interior of the eye using a viewing device called an ophthalmoscope |
| ear irrigation | washing of the external auditory canal using a stream of warm water in order to remove a cerumen impaction or foreign body |
| hearing aid | a small electronic device placed into the external auditory canal in order to improve one’s hearing |
| ear drops (otic drops) | liquid medication placed into the external auditory canal to treat external ear infections, typically containing antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs |
| tinnitus masking | a treatment for tinnitus that involves the use of white noise, or sounds that are generated to mask or hide other sounds |
| miotic drug | a drug that causes miosis, or constriction of the iris, which makes the pupil smaller; often used to treat certain kinds of glaucoma |
| contact lens | a translucent disc placed on the surface of the cornea to correct refractive (focus) problems |
| antihistamine | a type of medication that blocks the effects of histamine, a compound released by the body that causes the signs and symptoms of allergic reactions |
| cochlear implant | an electronic device that is surgically implanted into the cochlea, or hearing organ in the inner ear, for persons with severe hearing loss |
| ear tube surgery | the implanting of a tiny drainage tube into the tympanic membrane, often used to treat or prevent middle-ear infections in children |
| otoplasty | surgery intended to restore or improve the appearance of the pinna |
| tympanoplasty | surgery intended to repair and restore the function of the tympanic membrane and ossicles |
| phacoemulsification | a method for removing a cataract that uses ultrasound to liquefy the lens |
| corneal transplant | the surgical replacement of a portion of the cornea using tissue obtained from an organ donor |
| Lasik | an acronym that stands for Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis, which is the surgical reshaping of the cornea intended to correct certain refractive (focus) problems |
Created by:
rleroux
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