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Pharm - Drug Class
Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| drug class | a way of organizing medicines into different categories |
| diuretic drugs | drugs that increase the rate of urination |
| thiazide drugs | diuretic drugs that block sodium and potassium from being absorbed from kidney tubules back into the blood |
| antispasmodic drugs | drugs that inhibit hydrochloric acid secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract to limit muscle spasms |
| proton pump inhibitors | drugs that inhibit the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach |
| analgesic drugs | drugs that produce relief from pain while the patient remains conscious |
| anesthetic drugs | drugs that produce a reversible loss of sensation to prevent pain during surgical procedures |
| epidural anesthesia | regional anesthesia injected into the space between the spinal cord and the vertebrae |
| acetaminophen | drug that reduces pain through the inhibition of COX enzymes necessary for prostaglandin production |
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | drugs that inhibit prostaglandin production, thereby reducing pain and inflammation |
| beta blockers | hypertension drugs that block beta receptors, to prevent epinephrine from binding, decrease heart rate, and dilate blood vessels |
| digitalis | drug that makes the heart pump more slowly, but more strongly |
| statin drugs | hyperlipidemia drugs that reduce cholesterol by blocking the enzyme necessary for cholesterol production in the liver; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs |
| platelet aggregation inhibitors | anticoagulant drugs that reduce blood clotting by preventing platelets from sticking to injury sites or clumping together |
| thrombolytic drugs | drugs for dissolving blood clots within blood vessels |
| estrogen | hormone produced by the ovaries that can be used as a medication to treat hormone imbalances |
| oxytocin | hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates smooth muscle contraction of the uterus and can be used as medication to induce labor or strengthen contractions during labor |
| spermicidals | contraceptive drugs that kill sperm |
| corticosteroid drugs | drugs that suppress inflammation by mimicking glucocorticoid hormones |
| insulin | hormone secreted by the pancreas that can be used as a medication to increase the body's ability to remove glucose from the blood stream and transport it into the cell, lowering blood glucose levels |
| oral antihistamines | administered drugs that block histamine receptors to decrease inflammation, redness, and itching |
| retinoid drugs | drugs used to treat acne by causing epidermal cells to divide rapidly, preventing pores from clogging, and decreasing inflammation |
| miotic drugs | drugs used to treat glaucoma by constricting the pupil to increase the outflow of fluid |
| mydriatic drugs | drugs used during eye examinations and surgery or to treat inflammation of the iris and surrounding areas |
| prostaglandin F agonist | drug used to treat glaucoma by stimulating prostaglandin F receptors to increase the outflow of fluid |
| bronchodilator drugs | medications that dilate bronchial tubes to widen them |
| expectorant drugs | drugs that reduce the thickness of mucus so patients can cough it up |
| epinephrine | hormone released by the adrenal glands that stimulates the "fight-or-flight" response and can be used as a medication to treat allergic reactions |
| topical decongestants | drugs that treat eye allergy symptoms, such as redness, by constricting blood vessels |
| fluoroquinolone | antibiotic drug that kills foreign bacteria in the body by inhibiting DNA replication |
| penicillin | antibiotic drug that kills foreign bacteria in the body by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis |
| tetracycline | antibiotic drug that kills foreign bacteria in the body by inhibiting protein synthesis |
| amphetamines | drugs used to decrease hyperactivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| anticonvulsant drugs | drugs used to treat epilepsy by mimicking gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitters and inhibiting nerve impulses |
| selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | antidepressant drugs that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin to reduce symptoms of depression |
| alkylating chemotherapy drugs | cancer drugs that prevent the growth of cancer by interfering with DNA synthesis and, therefore, with cancer cell division |
| anti-androgens | hormonal chemotherapy drugs that block testosterone receptors to treat prostate cancer |
| anti-estrogens | hormonal chemotherapy drugs that block estradiol receptors to treat breast cancer |
| dextrose | intravenous fluid containing dextrose sugar to provide energy for body cells |
| vasopressors | drugs that increase blood pressure by decreasing the diameter of blood vessels and increasing the heart rate |
| whole blood, citrated | normal blood, with red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma, that is treated with an agent called citrate that prevents it from clotting and treats blood loss |
| sodium (saline) | intravenous fluid containing sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) electrolytes necessary for cell function |
| total parenteral nutrition | intravenous fluid containing electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, and essential amino acids used to provide nutrition |
Created by:
rleroux
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