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Community Dev.
Test 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Systems thinking | • An analytical approach that allows us to perceive relationships and processes among the parts of a whole • Enables you to thoroughly understand your focal community system and its interrelationships with other systems |
| Micro-systems | • The first “click” of the organizer’s mental microscope below the focal community system • Where community life is lived |
| Meta-systems | • Meta systems are other communities that are similar to the focal community |
| Mezzo-systems | • The political, economic, and cultural systems that surround and support your focal community system • Have a direct or indirect impact on the success of your community organizing efforts |
| Macro-systems | The largest system 'ring' • Natural environment • Economic environment • Social environment • Cultural environment |
| Quasi-groups | • "Almost groups” • Members who share common characteristics, have emerging awareness of shared interests, and may eventually decide to act together |
| Primary groups | • Close emotional ties |
| Associations | • Relatively informal organizational structures |
| Formal organizations | • Have clear legal structures and exist for limited purposes |
| Weaving | • A non-linear process that eventually becomes part of your thinking and behavior as a community organizer |
| Diasporas | • Occur for a variety of economic and social reasons • All are characterized by geographic dispersion coupled with cultural unity |
| Communities of interest | • Share many of the characteristics of geographic and dispersed communities • Are bound together by shared concerns, beliefs, and values rather than geographic proximity or cultural origin. |
| Virtual communities | • An emerging phenomenon, and there has been much debate over whether communities can really exist without face-to-face contact |
| Assimilation | • Fitting an experience into your established mental pathways |
| Accommodation | • Creating new or altered pathways for accepting dramatically new information and experiences into your thinking |
| Equilibration | • Putting things back in balance |
| Iterative | • New information is shaped to fit with existing knowledge and existing knowledge is modified to accommodate new information |
| Group boundary | • The more or less distinct lines between focal community members and the outside world |
| Symbolic boundary | • Generally reflect members’ internal cognitive–emotional schemas about the characteristics of community members and non-members. • Symbolic boundaries translate into social boundaries |
| Social boundary | • Are defined in more visible ways through choice of housing, religious practices, dress, and patterns of interaction. |
| Closed community | • Have no port of entry for newcomers • Exclusive status |
| Permeable boundary | • Have implicit or explicit membership criteria but have many open doors • Core group, gatekeepers |
| Open community | • Some common characteristics, values, and shared relationships to those that are so open that they may not be true communities at all • They tend not to share we-ness |
| Collective Identity | • A reciprocal process in which you begin to add “community member” to the unconscious list of your statuses and roles |
| Ascribed Status | • Age, gender, physical characteristics, and ethnicity |
| Achieved status | • Education, profession, and membership in organizations, groups, and other communities |
| Insiders | • Have an established place by reason of longevity and reputation (people trust you) |
| Outsiders | • Are organizers who do not belong or who don’t intend to belong to the community |
| Insider-Outsider | • Those who live or work in the focal community • Have expertise in community organizing, and want to contribute • Are recognized neither as outside experts nor as “real” leaders of the community |
| Social networks | • Webs of interrelated people |
| Place-based organizing | • Improves the quality of life for all of the people residing in a relatively small geographic area. Generally consists of a variety of shared events, projects, programs, and celebrations |
| Social entrepreneurship | Altruistic efforts that are begun by a founder (a highly committed individual) Depend almost entirely on his or her vision, energy, and commitment |
| Social innovation | • Characterized by the work of a small, dedicated group using democratic processes to meet a well-defined need. • The collection of data that identifies a need |
| Economic mutual aid | • A reciprocal relationship between economic gain and betterment of society (e.g. community garden, my sister’s place (jewelry), united way) |
| Self-help groups | • Associations that enable people to share experiences and coping strategies to meet specific physical and emotional needs |
| Alinsky-style organizing | • Emphasizes organizing organizations rather than individuals and is based on the mutual self-interest of its participants |
| Secular–radical community advocacy | • Often spurred by young, white students and graduates of elite private colleges and universities • Power based, oppressors and oppressed (How people could contain their power and use their power to oppress minorities) |
| Spontaneous Community-based Advocacy | • Arises when focal system residents feel threatened by outsiders from mezzo- or macro-systems • Or by powerful forces within the community focal system itself |
| Alternative social movements | • Individually focused and require limited change (Recycling) |
| Redemptive social movements | • Individually focused and require radical changes in individual beliefs and behaviors (Alcoholics Anonymous) |
| Reformative social movements | • Focus on all of society but have limited objectives (Disability awareness movement) |
| Revolutionary social movements | • Seek to fundamentally change social structures and the premises upon which societies are based (Sustainability movement) |
| Involuntary collaboration | • Occurs when funders push for organizations to work together to save money |
| Voluntary collaboration | • Is freely chosen, allows for creative expansion of resources, enhances connected learning, and builds trust. |
Created by:
PaigeV
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