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HCP Endocrine System
Endocrine Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Functions of the endocrine system | Regulates overall metabolism, hormones, growth and reproduction |
| Functions of the thyroid gland | Regulate the body's metabolism; also introduces growth and the functioning of the nervous system |
| Functions of the parathyroid gland | regulate calcium levels throughout the body, calcium levels are important to the smooth functions of the muscular and nervous system |
| Functions of the pancreas | Control blood sugar levels and glucose metabolism throughout the body |
| Oxytocin | Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth. Causes milk to flow from the mammary glands after childbirth |
| Thyroxine | Primary hormone secreted from the thyroid (T4); acting to increase metabolic rate and so regulating growth and development. |
| Cortisol | Regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats , and proteins in the body. Also has an anti-inflammatory action |
| Norepinephrine | Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system ( adrenaline) |
| Estrogen | Develops and maintains the female secondary sex characteristics and regulates the menstrual cycle |
| Testosterone | Stimulates the developmental secondary sex characteristics; produced mainly in the testes, but also in the ovaries and adrenal cortex. |
| The master gland | Pituitary gland |
| Grave's disease - Hypothyroidism | Autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos |
| Myxedema - Hypothyroidism | Severe form of adult hypothyroidism. Symptoms include an enlarged tongue and puffiness of the hands and face |
| Addison's disease | Progressive disease that occurs when adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol |
| Cushing's syndrome | (Hypercortisolism)- Caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, "moon face". |
| Gigantism | (Giantism) Abnormal overgrowth of the body caused by secretion of growth hormone before puberty |
| Dwarfism | Insufficient thyroxine |
| Acromegaly | abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face, caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumor |
| Goiter | (Thyromegaly) Abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that produces a swelling in the front part of the neck |
| Pituitary | "Master gland" Regulates all other endocrine glands; also release growth hormones |
| Pineal gland | Known to influence the sleep-wakefullness cycle |
| Thyroid | Metabolism, body heat, bone growth |
| Parathyroid | Use of calcium and phosphorus |
| Thymus | Plays an important role in the immune system, mostly during childhood |
| Adrenal cortex | Outer layer of the adrenal gland; produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (which helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress) and aldosterone (which helps control blood pressure). |
| Adrenal Medulla | Middle layer of the adrenal gland; helps a person cope with physical and emotional stress. secretes the following hormones: Epinephrine (also called adrenaline). |
| Pancreas | Controls blood sugar levels; gland behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the hormones insulin and glucagon. |
| Ovaries | Produce hormones of the secondary sex (women) Estrogen and progesteronw |
| Testes | Secondary sex of males ( hormones - Testosterone) |
| Metabolism | Sum of all physical and chemical processes that take place in the body |
| Excessive Thirst | Polydipsia |
| Sex glands | Gonads (Ovaries, Testes) |
| Exocrine | With ducts |
| Endocrine | Without ducts |
| Excessive eating | Polyphagia |
Created by:
zoeherrick
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