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Substances

Substances Vocab

TermDefinition
Drug Any substance, other than food, that changes the structure or function of the body
Medicine A substance, either prescription or OTC, that changes the structure or function of the body; prevent diseases, cure diseases, maintain health
Addiction The abuser has no control over the drug/alcohol.
Dependence The brain develops a chemical need for alcohol and cannot function normally without it.
Physical Dependence Physically needing a drug to function, without it the user can get withdrawal
Psychological Dependence Mentally craving a drug; thinking that you need a drug to function
Withdrawal A group of symptoms that occur when a dependent person stops taking a drug (shakiness, sleep problems, etc)
Tolerance When the user has been using the drug so much that its effects on the brain have become more reduced.
Synergistic When drugs interact to produce effects greater than those that each drug would produce alone.
Antagonistic When each drug's effect is canceled out or reduced by the other. Neither of them have the predicted effect.
Drug Use Using drugs correctly for medical purposes
Drug Misuse The improper use of medicines-either prescription or over the counter drugs
Drug Abuse When a drug is intentionally used improperly or unsafely
Over-The-Counter Drug A medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies and other stores without a doctor's prescription.
Prescription Drugs A drug that can be obtained only with a written order from a doctor and can be purchased only at a pharmacy.
Stimulants Drugs that speeds up activities of the central nervous system (increase heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and alertness).
Depressants Drugs that slow the brain and body reactions (slow heart rate, breathing rate and lower blood pressure).
Hallucinogens Drugs that distorts perception, thought, and mood. Overload the brain with sensory information, causing a distorted sense of reality.
Club Drugs Drugs that first gained popularity at dance clubs and raves. Highly unpredictable and dangerous.
Inhalants A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind-altering effects.
Anabolic Steroids Artificial forms of the male hormone testosterone to increase muscle size and strength.
Marijuana The leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the hemp plant. (Called pot, weed, etc)
Gateway Drug A drug that can lead a person to try other "harder" drugs.
Analgesic Over the counter pain reliever
Zero Tolerance Law Under this, students face stiff consequences--including suspension--starting with the first time they are caught with alcohol or other drugs.
Reverse Tolerance A condition in which less and less alcohol causes intoxication.
Alcohol BAC/BAL % in Illinois for 21... .08%
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome A group of birth defects caused by the effects of alcohol on an unborn child.
FDA Food and Drug Administration---inspects, tests, and assesses the safety of drugs
Tar The dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns.
Nicotine An insecticide that tobacco plants naturally produce that is a very addictive chemical in tobacco products.
Carbon Monoxide An order-less poisonous gas released when substances are burned.
Second Hand Smoke Smoke inhaled by everyone near the smoker.
Sidestream Smoke Smoke that goes into the air directly from the cigarette.
Mainstream Smoke Smoke exhaled from a smoker's lungs.
Emphysema A disorder in which alveoli in the lungs can no longer function properly
Bronchitis An infection that causes the mucous membranes lining the bronchi to become inflamed. (Side effect: Coughing)
Cirrhosis Result of heavy drinking---the liver begins to fill with fat, which blocks the flow of blood in the liver. The liver cells die, leaving behind useless scar tissue. Leads to liver failure and death.
Intoxication The state in which a person's mental and physical abilities are impaired by alcohol or another substance.
Alcohol BAL % in IL 0.8% (same as BAC)
BAC Blood alcohol concentration-amount of alcohol in a person's blood, expressed as a percentage.
Narcotics Prescription pain relievers
Created by: ninpasquini
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