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Substances

Substances Vocab

TermDefinition
Drug A substance other than food, that changes the structure or function of the body.
Medicine the science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease (in technical use often taken to exclude surgery).
Addiction the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity.
Withdrawal is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
Tolerance is a pharmacology concept where a subject's reaction to a specific drug and concentration of the drug is reduced followed repeated use, requiring an increase in concentration to achieve the desired effect.
Synergistic the effect of two chemicals taken together is greater than the sum of their separate effect at the same doses.
Antagonistic when the sum of the effect is more than the two.
Drug use The recurrent use of illegal drugs, or the misuse of prescription or over-the-counter drugs with negative consequences.
Drug misuse refers to the use of a drug for purposes for which it was not intended or using a drug in excessive quantities.
Drug Abuse the habitual taking of addictive or illegal drugs.
prescription drug A drug that can be obtained only with a written order from a doctor and be purchased only from a pharmacy
OTC Drugs drugs that are safe and effective for use by the general public without seeking treatment by a health professional.
Stimulants A type of drug that increases the activity of the nervous system
Depressants A drug that slows brain and body reactions.
Hallucinogens A drug that distorts perception, thought, and mood.
Club drugs Drugs that first gained popularity at clubs and dance raves.
Inhalants A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind altering effects.
Steroids One of a large group of chemical substances classified by a specific carbon structure.
Marijuana A drug made from the leaves,stems,and flowering tops of the hemp plants.
gateway drug a habit-forming drug that, while not itself addictive, may lead to the use of other addictive drugs.
Zero tolerance law The term is used in the context of driving under the influence of alcohol, referring to a lower illegal blood alcohol content for drivers under the age of 21.
reverse tolerance the phenomenon of a reversal of the side-effects from a drug, the reduction of insensitivity caused after drug tolerance has been established.
intoxication the state of being intoxicated, especially by alcohol.
BAC/BAL % in Illinois .08%
fetal drinking syndrome a condition in a child that results from alcohol exposure during the mother's pregnancy.
FDA Food and Drug Administration. A federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
Tar a dark, thick, flammable liquid distilled from wood or coal, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, resins, alcohols, and other compounds. It is used in roadmaking and for coating and preserving timber.
Nicotine a toxic colorless or yellowish oily liquid that is the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells.
Carbon monoxide a colorless, odorless toxic flammable gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon.
Second hand smoker smoke inhaled involuntarily from tobacco being smoked by others.
Side stream smoke smoke that passes from a cigarette into the surrounding air, rather than into the smoker's lungs.
Mainstream smoke The smoke exhaled by a smoker.
Emphysema a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
Bronchitis inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bronchial tubes. It typically causes bronchospasm and coughing.
Cirrhosis a chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis.
Created by: chloeholmes
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