click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 46
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE Etiology/pathophysiology | • Backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus |
| GERD Clinical manifestations/assessment | Heartburn (pyrosis) 20 min to 2 hours after eating • Regurgitation • Dysphagia or odynophagia • Eructation |
| GERD Diagnostic tests | Esophageal motility and Bernstein tests • Barium swallow • Endoscopy |
| Gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers | Ulcerations of the mucous membrane or deeper structures of the GI tract Most commonly occur in the stomach and duodenum Result of acid and pepsin imbalances |
| H. pylori | Bacterium found in 70% of patients with gastric ulcers and 95% of patients with duodenal ulcers |
| Gastric ulcers Etiology/pathophysiology | Gastric mucosa are damaged, acid is secreted, mucosal erosion occurs, and an ulcer develops |
| Duodenal ulcers (continued) Etiology/pathophysiology | Excessive production or release of gastrin, increased sensitivity to gastrin, or decreased ability to buffer the acid secretions |