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Psychology SA
Health Psychology Short Answer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name one of the medications used for problem drinking and explain how it curbs alcohol abuse. | Acamprostate; Affects GABA to reduce cravings |
| 3 Differences between people with bulimia and people with Anorexia Nervosa | Anorexia - Ambitious perfectionists Obsessive about body fat and control Alcohol and drug abuse not common Bulimia - Impulsive Obsessive about food and next binge Alcohol and drug abuse common |
| List 4 treatment programs for alchoholics | Self Monitoring, Medication, Self-Help Groups, and Stress Management |
| Describe Set Point Theory of Weight | Each individual has an ideal body weight and with proper diet and exercise your body will regulate its own weight. |
| List cognitive behavioral strategies to prevent relapse for exercise and diet. | Reminders from friends and families, keep a workout and food journal. |
| Describe different types of nicotine replacement therapy and how they're used. | Nicotine replacement therapy decreases doses of nicotine. Nicotine gum works slowly, patch releases nicotine in steady doses, inhalers mimic hand-to-mouth action, sprays are the fastest acting. |
| Describe Stress Response Dampening (SRD) | Phenomenon where people who have been drinking do not respond as strongly to stressors. |
| What are some of the causes of the obesity epidemic? | Increasing portion size, genetic susceptibility, low level of physical activity, availability of high fat foods. |
| 5 risk factors for smoking in adolescence | -Parents smoke -Peer pressure -low self-esteem -major family stressors -increased availability |
| Explain nicotine regulation theory and how it affects the body | People smoke to maintain nicotine levels. Nicotine may increase memory and task production, elevated mood and lessened anxiety and tension. |
| FITT formula for aerobic exercise | F- Frequency; days per week I- Intensity; how hard and how high the heart rate T- Time; length and number of sessions T- Type; kind of physical activity |
| Define C.A.G.E. | Based on 4 questions -Do you need to CUT down on drinking? -Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking? -Have you felt GUILTY about your drinking? -Have you had an "EYE OPENER" in the morning to steady nerves? |
| Disease model in terms of why people drink. | People drink because of the disease of alcoholism . Gamma - Loss of control once drinking Delta - Inability to abstain from drinking |
| 3 social engineering programs to decrease alcohol use and abuse | -Ban alcohol advertising -Raise legal drinking age -Strictly enforce penalties for drunk driving |
| 5 types of physical activity | -Isometric; pushing against a wall -Isotonic; weightlifting -Isokenetic; resistance equipment -Anaerobic;softball -Aerobic; jogging |
| 3 symptoms of alcoholism and problem drinking | -Difficulty in performing jobs -Inability to function well socially w/o alcohol -Legal difficulties such as drunk driving |
| 2 methods for successful intervention of problem drinking in college students | -Encourage students to gain control over drinking rather than eliminating drinking all together -Self monitoring often reduces drinking |
| Describe motivational interviewing | -Keeps patient by receiving feedback about his/her efforts -Helps develop discrepancy and self efficacy. |
| How does education affect alcohol abuse rates? | -Rate of current drinkers increases with education -Rate of heavy/binge drinkers decreases w/ education |
| Describe stimulants and give 2 examples | Type of drug that stimulates the nervous system, causes alertness and energy in some and anxiousness and a jittery feeling in others. |
| Describe insulin levels after a meal | Insulin levels spike after a meal to facilitate uptake of sugar into cells. Levels fall after digestion. |
| Define withdrawal and its symptoms | -Unpleasant symptoms people experience when they stop using a substance. -Usually opposite of the drug's effects. Anxiety, irritability, nausea and headaches. |
| Describe difference between muscle strength and muscle endurance. | -Muscle strength is how strongly a muscle can contract. -Muscle endurance is how long a muscle can perform a continued action. |
| 5 schedules of FDA drug classification | -Schedule I; High abuse, no medical use, illegal (Heroin) -Schedule II; High abuse, some medical use, psychological dependence (Cocaine) -Schedule III; Moderate physical dependence and high psychological dependence, medical use (some tranquilizers) |
| 5 schedules of FDA drug classification (cont.) | -Schedule IV; Low abuse, limited dependence, medical use (Most tranquilizers) -Schedule V; Lowest abuse rate (Over-the-counter) |
| Why people drink according to social learning. | -taste and immediate effects (positive reinforcement) -allows person to escape unpleasant situations (negative reinforcement) -person learned from peers or environment (modeling) |
| Explain how grehlin, insulin and CCK regulate consumption | -grehlin tells us to eat -insulin tells cells to use the glucose -CCK tells us when to stop eating |
| How can someone self-regulate driving while drunk? | -Have a designated driver -Take a taxi -Wait before driving |
| What enzymes are involved in the breakdown of alcohol and how does the metabolizing process produce adverse health outcomes? | -Alcohol dehydrogenase breaks down alcohol into aldehyde. Aldehyde dehydrogenase converts aldehyde into acetic acid. -Metabolism results in lactic acid which correlates w/ anxiety attacks and uric acid which causes gout and fat in the liver and blood. |
| Health benefits of alcochol | -Lower risk for diabetes, gallstones, and Alzheimer's -Reduced cardiovascular mortality -Reduced risk for ischemic stroke |
| List and explain factors that predict smoking | -Gender; males more likely than females -Ethnicity; Native Americans more likely than Asian -Age; 65 and above have lowest chance of smoking -Income; unemployed more likely to smoke -Education; higher education = lower rate of smoking |
| 2008 exercise recommendations for people under 65 | -30 min/day 5 days/week of moderately intense OR -20 min/day 3 days/week of vigorously intense |
| 3 essential elements of why people drink according to alcohol dependency syndrome | -increased tolerance -withdrawal symptoms -awareness of the compulsion to drink |
| Explain the difference between organic & dynamic fitness | -Organic fitness is a limit for action and movement determined by inherent characteristics of body, health limitations, genetics, or age. (Tommy performs limited amount of exercise because of his scoliosis.) |
| Explain the difference between organic & dynamic fitness (cont.) | -Dynamic fitness is acquired through various types of physical activity. (Bob increased his max amount of sit ups through cardio training and gradual increase. |
| What is considered low risk drinking for men and women? | -2 or less drinks/day 5 days/week for men -1 or less drinks/day 5 days/week for women |
Created by:
harli93
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