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Body Systems

Health

TermDefinition
Building blocks of the body: cells --> organs --> system
Cells Cells are the smallest parts of the human body. Different cells have different shapes and different jobs. Cells need food and oxygen to help them grow and work.
Examples of cells Nerve, skin, brain
Organs An organ is a group of cells that work together. There are many different organs working in the body.
Systems A body systems a group of organs that work together to do the same job. Each body system does a different job.
Examples of systems Digestive, circulatory, nervous, muscular
The nervous system Is the control and communication system of the body.
Brain The brain is the control center of the body. Different parts of the brain do different jobs.
Neurons (nerve cells) Cells which carry electrical messages to all body parts. Some nerves carry messages to the brain.
Spinal cord A thick bundle of neurons that runs along the spine. (Down the neck & back bones)
Reflex A quick movement that happens before the brain has time to think.
The circulatory system Allows the body to move blood to tissues.
Heart The muscle that pumps. Pushes blood through the blood vessels.
Blood vessels Arteries & veins
Arteries Carry blood away from the heart
Veins Return blood to the heart
Blood pressure Force of blood pushing against the vessel walls. Too much pressure can be very dangerous.
Pulse Is the speed the heart beats. Exercise, stress and some drugs can make the heart beat faster.
Parts of blood Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells
Plasma Liquid part of the blood
Red blood cells Carry oxygen to body cells
White blood cells Destroy disease germs
The respiratory system Enables you to breathe air. All body cells need oxygen from the air you breathe.
Diaphragm muscle Controls breathing in and out.
When the diaphragm pulls down you breathe in Inhale
When the diaphragm moves up squeezing the lungs you breathe out Exhale
Trachea Air flows from the mouth and nose down this tube in the neck.
Branchial tubes Two tubes inside the lungs.
Alveoli (air sacs) Tiny air sacs covered by capillaries. Where oxygen enter the blood and carbon dioxide is removed.
The skeletal system Is the body system consisting of bones and tissue. There are 206 bones in the skeletal system.
3 things the skeletal system does: 1. It's your body's framework. 2. Protects soft inner parts. 3. Allows you to stand and move.
Joint A place where 2 bones come together.
Ligaments Tissues which connect bones holding them together.
The muscular system Made up of all muscles in your body. They allow us to move, pump blood, breath and move food.
Voluntary (skeletal) muscles Can control
Involuntary (smooth) muscles Can NOT control
Voluntary muscles (examples) Fingers, legs, arms
Involuntary muscles (examples) Heart, stomach
The digestive system Controls the process by which your body breaks down food into nutrients
"Nutrient" Is a substance in food that helps body cells and gives you energy.
Esophagus The tube carrying food to the stomach.
Small intestine Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
Stomach Releases digestive juices and mixes food.
Large intestine (colon) Absorbs water and holds solid waste.
The excretory system Gets rid of waste from the body.
Kidneys (2 organs) Filter blood and remove water & waste.
Urine Liquid waste that is stored in the bladder.
To produce movement at a joint.. One muscle must contract while the opposite muscle relaxes.
2 things that can increase your pulse rate? Exercise & stress
Created by: tiggerandelise
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