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Exam 3
Chapters 7,8,9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The CNS consists of ____________. | the brain and spinal cord |
| Supporting cells of the CNS are termed _____________. | neuroglia |
| Special senses refer to _____________. | olfaction, gustation, vision and hearing |
| A plexus is best decribed as a _________________. | spinal nerve network |
| Identify the three meninges of the CNS | dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater |
| The largest part of the brain is the ___________. | cerebrum |
| Loss of memory is termed __________. | amnesia |
| Elevated ridges of the brain surface are _____________. | gyri |
| A __________ is an area of skin supplied by a single pair of spinal nerves | dermatome |
| Jill is standing in her romm and experiences dizziness. This describes ____________. | vertigo |
| What does encephalo- mean? | brain |
| What does myelo- mean? | myelin sheath of nerve fibers |
| What does neur- mean? | nerve |
| What does polio- mean? | gray matter |
| What does astro- mean? | star-like |
| What is cerebral palsy? | group of motor function diseases |
| What is Alzheimer disease? | dementia with neurofibrillary tangles |
| What is Huntington disease? | inherited form of dementia; atrophy of cerebral cortex |
| What is Parkinson disease? | progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing neutrons |
| What is transient ischemic attack? | mini stroke; nonpermanent brain disorder |
| Special senses refer to ________. | olfaction, gustation, vision and hearing |
| The three anatomical regions of the ear are the _____________. | external ear, middle ear, and internal ear |
| The myringa is also known as the _________. | tympanic membrane |
| A patient presents with constant 'ringing white noise' in her ears. This ringing is termed __________. | tinnitus |
| What does oto- mean? | ear |
| What does ambly- mean? | dullness, dimness |
| what does photo- mean? | light |
| What does sinistro- mean? | left side, toward the left |
| What does dextro- mean? | right side, toward the right |
| What are auditory ossicles? | malleus, incus, and stapes |
| What is auricle? | outer, cartilaginous structure projecting from the head |
| what is an external ear? | auricle, external accoustic meatus, and ceruminous glands |
| What are semicircular canals? | bony tubes position in three planes that are involved with equilibrium |
| What is an auditory tube? | connecting tube between mibble ear and pharynx |
| What is a choroid? | pigmented vascular layer that keeps the eye dark |
| What is a pupil? | opening |
| What is a sclera? | whitish, outer layer of eyeball |
| what is retina? | light-sensitive membrane containing rods and cones |
| What is an opticnerve? | cranial nerve II |
| What is an iris? | colored portion visible to exterior |
| What is a strabismus? | problem related to abnormal alignment of the eyes |
| What is mascular degeneration? | pathological changes of the macula |
| What is myopia? | nearsightedness |
| What is nystagmus? | involuntary, oscillatory eyeball movement |
| What is blepharitis? | inflammation of the eyelid caused by allegry or infection |
| What is chalazion? | inflammtion of the eyelid caused by a blocked tarsal gland |
| What is presbycusis? | age-related hearing loss |
| What is cholesteatoma? | cyst of the middle ear that grows into the bone |
| What is Meniere disease? | specific disease of the internal ear |
| In the sndocrine system, which gland is referred to as the master gland? | pituitary gland |
| A _____________ cell is one with a specific receptor for a particular hormone. | target |
| This type of diabetes has an onset during pregnancy. | gestational diabetes |
| A disorder resulting from excessive growth hormone secretion before puberty is known as ____________. | gigantism |
| Endocrine glands secretes their hormones _______________. | directly into the bloodstream |
| Which hormone is not secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? | ADH |
| The pituitary gland is divied into ____________ and ____________ portions. | anterior;posterior |
| Which are of the pituitary gland is merely a strorage amd releasing site? | posterior pituitary |
| The anterior pituitary gland is directed by hormones from the ____________. | hypothalamus |
| What is another name for the neurohypophysis? | posterior pituitary gland |
| Human biorhythms of 24-hour cycles are termed ____________. | circadian |
| The parathyroid glands are located on the _______________. | posterior surface of the thyroid gland |
| Tetraiodothyronine is also called ____________. | T3 and T4 |
| The pancreas is located adjacent to the _______________ and __________. | stomach;small intestine |
| The __________ and ___________ are the two prtions of the adrenal gland. | medulla;cortex |
| Polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia mean ______________, respectively. | excessive thirst, excessive urination, excessive hunger |
| The glucose tolerance test is useful for diagnosing | pancreatic disorders |
| After eating supper, which hormoe is likely to be secreted in greater amounts than while fasting? | insulin |
| Upon rising in the morning after a good night's sleep,your body secretes this hormone to prevent hypoglycemia. | Glucagon |
| What is diabetes mellitus? | disorder of carbohydrate metabolism |
| What is diabetes insipidus? | disorder of posterior pituitary gland |
| What is Addison disease? | wasting disorder caused by underactivity of the adrenal glands |
| What is Cushing disease? | excessive cortisol production by the adrenal cortex; "moon face" |
| What is pheochromocytoma? | tumor of the adrenal medulla |
| Waht is the primary target of GH? | bones |
| What is the primary target of TSH? | thyroid |
| What is the primary target of ADH? | kidneys |
| What is the primary target of glucagon? | liver |
| What is the primary target of LH? | ovaries |
| What is the primary action of ACTH? | stimulates cortex of adrenal gland to produce cortisol |
| What is the primary action of androgens? | supplement sex hormones |
| What is the primary action of thymosins? | development of immune system cells |
| What is the primary action of OXT? | stimulates uterine contractions |
| What is the primary action of GH? | stimulates cortex of adrenal gland to produce cortisol |
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karmabites
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