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infection control
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Direct contact | person to person |
| indirect contact | person to object to person |
| droplet transmission | coughs/sneezes |
| vehicle route | transmission via food, water, blood or body fluids |
| airborne transmission | dust, evaporated droplets in air, airborne particles, hair/ skin; ventilaton system |
| vector transmission | bird/animal/insect |
| normal flora | microorganisms normally present in the human body that dont cause disease |
| bacteria | single cell organisms that multiply most are non pathogenic; some cause disease |
| viruses | very small organisms; cant live on their own; need host to multiply |
| fungi | grow mainly single cell organisms that uses spores to reproduce |
| protozoa | single cell organisms, found mostly in contaminated food, water of sewage |
| auto clave | device using strem for sterilization |
| antigen | pathogen or any other substance that induces an antibody response |
| antibody | protein specific to a certain antigen that weakens or destroys pathogens |
| nosocomial | hospital related infection; one that is not present or incubating when a patient is admitted to a hospital or healthcare facility |
| systemic infection | infection that has spread to more than one region of the body |
| sharp | instrument with a sharp edge or point, such as a scalpel, scissors or a needle |
| topical | applied to the skin or affected area |
| anaerobic bacteria | bacteria that do not require oxygen to grow |
| aerobic bacteria | bacteria that require oxygen to grow |
| teratogenic | causing abnormalities int the fetus |
| antiseptic | cleansing agent applied to living tissue to destroy pathogens |
| latent infection | one in which the symptoms disappear and recu, while the disease causing agents remains in the body |
| sterile | completely free of pathogens |
| sterilant | substance that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life in an inanimate environment |
| disinfectant | chemicl substance that destroys or eliminates specific species of infectious micro organisms. It is not usually efective against bacterial spores. |
| infection | disease process that results fromthe entry and spread of a microrganism |
| contagious disease | disease that is soread from person to person |
| immunity | individual's ability ti fight off disease |
| active infection | infection in which signs and symptoms are present |
| otitis media | onfection of the middle ear |
| acute infection | infection that is time limited |
| quarantine | isolating or separating a client, client-care unit or facility |
| bactericidal | killing microorganisms |
| local infection | infection that is confined to a specific region of the body |
| sanitization | removal of gross contaminants and some microorganisms from instruments, skin and so on; the lowest level of medical hygiene |
| sterile technique | methods to avoid contamination of sterile materials |
| pathogen | microorganism that causes disease |
| disinfection | a more thorough removal disinof contaminants more thorough removal of contaminants than santitization but less through than sterilization |
| non pathogenic | not causing disease |
| opportunistic infection | an infection that doesnt ordinarily cause disease but does so under certain circumstances ie in compromised immune systems; so called because it takes advantage of an "opportunity" |
| microorganism | organism so small that it can only be seen under a microscope |
| remission | period in which a chronic infection shows no symptoms |
| exacerbation | period in which a chronic infection shows symptoms |
| chronic infection | one that is persistent over a long period of time, perhaps life |
| sanitizer | substance that sinificantly reduces the vacterial population in an inanimate environment but does not destroy all bacteria or other microorganisms |
| bacteriostatic | reducing or inhibiting the number of microorganisma |
| relapse | re-emergence of an intial infectin after it appears to have subsided but has not been cured |
| recurrent infection | distinct episode of an infection after recovery fromthe initial infection; may involve the same pathogens or different ones |
| immunogobulin | serum that contains antibodies that can help protect an exposed person from contracting the disease |
| asepsis | state in which pathogens are absent or reduced. There are two principal types of asepsis: medical or surgical |
| sterilization | process of destroying all microorganisms, including bacterial endospores and viruses. This is the highest level of cleanliness |
| virulence | power of a microbe to produce a disease in a particular host |
| contamination | presence of pathogens on an object |
| PEP | treatment after exposure to a pathogen |
| asymptomatic | without clincal signs or symptoms |
Created by:
messecard
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