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Noninfectious Diseas
Vocab for Noninfectious Diseases
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Noninfectious Disease | A group of diseases NOT transmitted by means of a pathogen |
| Cardiovascular Disease | Medical disorders that affects the heart and blood vessels. The heart and blood vessels are two key parts of the Circulatory system. |
| Blood Pressure | The force of blood against the walls of the blood vessels as bood flows through the circulatory system. |
| Hypertension | If a person's blood pressure stays above his/her normal range, they have Hypertension (High Blood Pressure). Hypertension is known as the "Silent Killer". |
| Arteriosclerosis | A condition in which the walls of the arteries become thick and lose their elasticity. Also known as "Hardening of the Arteries". Caused by poor food choices. Hypertension is a factor as well. |
| Athersclerosis | When fatty deposits, called plaque, develop blood vessels narrow, and this can also block the arteries. HIgh fat foods and high cholesterol foods cause this. |
| Angina Pectoris | A pain and tightness in the chest caused by the lack of oxygen to the heart. |
| Fibrillation | The rapid ineffective beating of the heart in one of the two chambers called ventricles. Ventricular fibrillation is also known as "Cardiac Arrest". |
| Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) | A manual pump (Compressions) to revive the heart. |
| Homocysteine | A potentially deadly amino acid seen in the blood in people with heart disease. |
| Congestive Heart Failure | A slow, gradual weakening of the heart muscle from overwork. |
| Stroke | An arterial blockage in the brain. An interruption of the flow of blood to any part of the brain. |
| Thrombus | The blocking of a cerebral artery by a blood clot. |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage | When a diseased artery in the brain bursts and floods the surrounding brain tissue with blood. |
| Electrogardiogram (EKG) | Produces a graph of the electrical activity of the heart's rhythm. |
| Radionuclide Imaging | Injection of substances called radionuclides into the blood so Technicians can check for heart damage. |
| Phonocardiography | A process that involves placing a microphone on a person's chest to record heart sounds and signals, which are transferred through photography to graph paper. |
| Coronary Angiography | A procedure that is used to help evaluate the extent of coronary artery disease. A catheter with dye is used to create motion X rays to detect heart blockage. |
| Artificial Pacemaker | Something that is implanted into the chest and wired to the heart when the natural heart fails. |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | A test that uses powerful magnets to look inside the heart muscle so that technicians can look at a computer and identify heart damage. |
| Heart transplant | A replaced damaged heart, with a healthy one from someone who recently passed away. |
| Coronary Bypass Surgery | Creates detours around the obstructed or narrowed coronary arteries so that more blood can reach the heart using a large vein from the patient's leg. |
| Ballon Angioplasty | A process that involves threading a balloon-tipped catheter through the body to the site of the blockage. As the balloon is inflated, it clears a path for the blood to flow through. |
| Heart valve surgery | A surgical procedure that replaces a defective valve with an artificial one made of metal or plastic. |
| Tumors | Masses of tissue. Not all Tumors are Cancer. |
| Benign | Noncancerous |
| Malignant | Cancerous |
| Metastasis | Spread of cancer, in lymph (blood) cells from the point where it originated to other parts of the body. |
| Carcinogen | A cancer-causing substance in the environment. |
| Carcinomas | Cancer that begins in the epithelial tissue, skin and tissue that line the body's organs. |
| Sarcomas | Cancers that develop in connective and supportive tissue such as bones, muscles, and tendons. |
| Lymphomas | Cancers that develop in the Lymphatic System, the system that drains tissue fluid back into the bloodstream and it also fights infection. |
| Biopsy | A lab analysis of a section of tissue is taken from where abnormal growth is suspected. Ultrasound, which uses sound waves, can locate abnormal growths. |
| Surgery | Used to remove tumors and affected surrounding areas. |
| Radiation | Energy from cobalt or radium can penetrate a tumor. The energy destroys the tumor cells by damaging the DNA (genetic material) in the nuclei. |
| Chemotherapy | Use of anti-cancer medications in the treatment of cancer. The goal is to destroy malignant cells without excessive destruction of normal cells. |
| Disability | Any physical or mental impairment that limits normal activities including: seeing, hearing, walking, and speaking. |
| Profound deafness | A hearing loss so severe that a person affected cannot benefit from a hearing aid. |
| Mental Retardation | A below average intellectual ability present from birth or early childhood and associated with learning and social difficulties. |
| Americans with Disabilities Act | A law prohibiting discrimination against people with physical or mental disabilities in the workplace, transportation, public accommodations and telecommunications. |
Created by:
khertzog
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