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Soc Theory Ch6-7
Contemporary Sociological Theory and Its Classical Roots CH 6-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the school of sociology that, following Mead, focused on action between people as agents, and the meanings of things in our lives. | Symbolic interactionism |
| What are the first 3 principles of symbolic interactionism? | People act toward things on the basis of the meanings those things have for them. Symbolic meanings stem from interactions with other people. People internalize, & modify through an interpretive process, symbolic meanings. |
| What are the second 3 principles of symbolic interactionism? | Humans are unique in their ability to use and rely on symbols. People become human through social interaction. People are conscious, capable of reflecting on themselves and what they do, and therefore capable of shaping their actions and interactions. |
| What are the last 2 principles of symbolic interactionism? | People have purposes when they act - defining situations, giving them meaning, choosing ends, and acting toward them. We can see society as consisting of people engaging in social interaction. |
| Are symbolic interactionists inclined to do social research or develop abstract theories? | Social research. |
| Who was a key figure in fieldwork and social research? | Robert E. Park |
| What is the key method of symbolic interactionism, thanks to Robert E. Park? | Observation |
| What is the idea that we form our sense of ourselves by using others, and their reactions to us, to assess who we are and how we are doing? | Looking-glass self |
| What is an intimate face-to-face group that plays a crucial role in linking the individual to the larger society? | Primary group |
| What is the methodology of putting oneself in the places and the minds of those being studied to try to understand the motives behind people's behavior? | Sympathetic introspection |
| Who is best known for his concept of the looking-glass self? | Charles Horton Cooley |
| David Karp argues that there is what kind of dimension to antidepressant use? What theory does this fall under? | Sociological Symbolic interactionist |
| Who defined the self in extremely simple terms as the fact that people can be the objects of their own actions? | Herbert Blumer |
| What is the most important work on the self in symbolic interactionism? | Presnetation of Self in Everyday Life, by Erving Goffman |
| Who influenced Goffman's ideas of the self? | Mead |
| What is a methodology used by symbolic interactionists and other sociologists that involves venturing into the day-to-day social world to observe and collect relevant data? | Fieldwork |
| What is a methodology closely related to fieldwork in which sociologists study the social world by watching what is transpiring in it? | Observation |
| Goffman focuses on what? | Dramaturgy |
| What is a view of social life as a series of performances akin to the that take place in the theater? | Dramaturgy |
| What is, to Goffman, a sense of who one is that is a dramatic effect emerging from the immediate dramaturgical scene being presented? | Self |
| What are the techniques actors use to maintain certain impressions in the face of problems they are likely to encounter and the methods they use to cope with these problems? | Impression management |
| What is the part of a dramaturgical performance that generally functions in rather fixed and general ways to define the situation for those who observe the performance? | Front stage |
| What is the physical scene that ordinarily must be there if the actors are to engage in a dramaturgical performance? | Setting |
| What are those items of expressive equipment that the audience identifies with the performers and expects them to carry with them into the setting? | Personal front |
| What is the way the actor looks to the audience; especially those items that indicate the performer's social status? | Appearance |
| What is the way an actor conducts himself; tells the audience what sort of role the actor expects to play in the situation? | Manner |
| What kinds of things did Goffman say people inevitably feel they must hide in their performances? | Secret pleasures engaged in just prior Errors made in the preparation The processes involved in producing the performance Dirty work involved Sliding standards Insults, humiliations, or deal to/with the actor. |
| In dramaturgy the actor tries to convey to the audience that they are more what than they are? | Important, close, unique |
| In dramaturyg, actors try to make sure that all the parts of a performance do what? | Blend together |
| What deals with the degree to which individuals separate themselves from the roles they are in? | Role distance |
| According to Goffman, role distance is a function of one's what? | Social status |
| Performances vary in the degree of what required? | Consistency |
| What is an effort by actors to confound their audience by restricting the contact between themselves and the audience, concealing the mundane things that go into their performance? | Mystification |
| What was Goffman's basic unit of analysis? | The team |
| What is a set of individuals who cooperate in staging a single performance? | Team |
| What is the term for where facts suppressed in the front stage or various kinds of informal actions may appear? | Back stage |
| What is the relationship between the front and back stages? | They are adjacent, but cut off. Performers can reliably expect no members of on to appear in the other. |
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