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NUT: Protein
Proteins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Structure of Amino Acids | Nitrogen, Carboxyl Group, Hydrogen, Side Chain |
| The body needs ____ amino acids to function | 20 |
| How many non-essential amino acids are there? | 11 |
| How many essential amino acids are there? | 9 |
| Transmination | transfer of an amino group from 1 amino acids to another |
| Deamination | losing an amino acid group without transferring it to another carbons skeleton |
| Source of complete amino acids | Animal Proteins: meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, soy, Quinoa |
| Source of incomplete animo acids | Plant Proteins: Beans, Grains, Gelatin |
| Gold Standard of Protein | Egg Whites |
| Primary Structure | Strong peptide bonding of the amino acids in a polypeptide chain |
| Secondary Structure | Weak chemical bonds form between amino acids near each other to stabilize |
| Tertiary Structure | Unique three-dimensional folding of a protein that determines its shape and function |
| Quaternary Structure | 2 or more separate polypeptides interact to form a large new protein |
| 3 things that can denature proteins | Alkaline solutions, enzymes, and heat |
| How long does it take to digest proteins | 2-4 hours |
| How much protein is normally consumed in a diet | 65-100g |
| 70% of dietary protein comes from where in a North American Diet | Meat, Poultry, Fish, Milk, Cheese, Legumes, and Nuts |
| ____% of dietary protein comes from animals, worldwide | 35% |
| Ways to add more protein to your diet | Veggie burger, sprinkle sunflower seeds on salad,chopped pecans, peanut butter instead of butter, black beans |
| Protein intake should be ___% total calories | 10-20% |
| Positive Nitrogen Balance | Growth, pregnancy, athletes |
| Nitrogen Equilibrium | Healthy Adults |
| Negative Nitrogen Balance | Bed rest, sick, inadequate protein intake |
| RDA of protein (normal) | .8g protein / kg of body weight |
| RDA of protein (endurance) | 1.2-1.4g/kg body weight |
| RDA of protein (strength) | 1.6-1.8g/kg body weight |
| Functions of Proteins | Structure, Fluid Balance, Forming Hormones, Enzymes, Immune Function, Transporting nutrients, Provide energy |
| Anthropometric way to tell if there is a lack of protein | BMI < 18.5 |
| Biochemical way to tell if there is a lack of protein | Pre-albumin and albumin in blood |
| Clinical way to tell if there is a lack of protein | Fatigue, hair falling out, sunk in temporal fat pad |
| Diet way to tell if there is a lack of protein | Look at dairy, and meats |
| Kwashiokar | Sever protein deficit, edema, weight loss, growth impaired, fatty liver |
| Marasmus | Server energy and protein deficit, severe weight loss, wasting muscle and fat, short stature |
| High Protein Diets | Puts kidneys at risk and pulls calcium from bones |
| Lacto-ovo-vegetarian | includes eggs, but avoids meat |
| Vegans | only eat plant foods |
| Lacto-vegetarian | includes dairy but no meat of eggs |
| Concerns for babies and children | Deficiencies of iron, B-12, Vit D, and Calcium |
Created by:
cruseb1
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