Special Topics
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| Blood sample should be collected from patients at least ___ hrs postprandial. | 2
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| After collecting a sample, your blood smears should be made how soon? | Immediately
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| Serum should be removed from contact with cells within ___ mins. | 30-45 min
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| If the sample will not be evaluated within __ hrs, them plasma/serum should be poured off and refrigerated. | 4-6
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| Blood smear should be stored at what temperature? | Room temp
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| True or false: you can freeze whole blood samples. | False , it causes hemolysis
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| After drawing your samples, you should invert the tube how many times? | 6-10
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| Venipuncture is preformed with what 2 items/things? | Needle and syringe or Vacutainer system
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| What is the most common needle gauge used for venipuncture? | 22g
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| What are the 2 most important aspects of venipunture technique? | proper restraint and immobilization of the vessel
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| In what region are jugular venipunctures preformed? | Caudal region
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| If your first BD attempt fails, what direction would you try for another? | Cranial (above the prior site)
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| How long do you apply digital pressure to a puncture site? | at least 30 sec
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| What 3 techniques are used to collect a capillary sample? | quicking a nail, lancing the buccal mucosa or nicking the pinna of the ear (most common)
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| What is used to nick the ear vein to gather a sample? | Lancet or 25g needle
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| You must __ the ear before lancing it and them ___ it to collect the sample | warm, milk/massage
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| True or false: Blood gases are taken when a patient is awake. | False, patients are anesthetized
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| True or false: Arterial blood is brighter red than veinous blood. | True
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| The preferred restraint method for arterial puncture is ___________. | Lateral recumbency
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| Catheters are flushed with heparinized saline every __ hrs. | 2
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| How long should you apply pressure to the medial saphenous after venipuncture? | 1 min
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| What is the finger of choice for occluding the jugular vein? | Thumb
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| What section of the jugular do you start at for blood draws? | caudal 3rd
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| What artery is generally used to to collect acid base and blood gases? | Femoral artery
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| True or false: Blood glucose test can be altered by stress. | True
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| In an emergency situation, what site would you ideally draw blood from? | Jugular
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| True or false. IV drugs are usually given quickly. | False (Slowly)
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| when occluding a vein you should always grasp and roll in which direction? | Laterally (Outwards)
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| Define septicemia. | Blood infection
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| What is the most common tourniquet used? | NYE or penrose
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| What size needle comes with a green cap? | 18g
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| What size needle comes with a pink cap? | 20g
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| What size needle comes with a blue cap? | 22g
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| What size needle comes with a red cap? | 25g
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| What is the most commonly used needle? | 22g
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| What size needle is used for ID injections? | 25g or 27g
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| What do blood chemistries evaluate? | Various blood levels
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| Collecting enough samples to run for 3 tests also allows for what 3 things to occur? | -Dilution -Machine error -Technician error
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| What anticoagulant binds with lead? | Heparin
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| What anticoagulant does not alter cell morphology? | EDTA
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| Isopropryl alcohol does what 3 things when used for venipuncture? | 1-Removes contaminants 2-Improves vein visualization 3-Vasodilation
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| Where should pressure be applied when discussing jugular venipuncture? | thoracic inlet/jugular furrow
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| What collection site mainly used for RBC parasites and at home glucose testing? | Marginal ear
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| What do blood gases measure? | partial pressure of O2 and CO2 in the blood
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| What size needle is placed for arterial catheterization? | 20-22g
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| What are the 2 most commonly used veins used for blood gas analysis? | femoral artery and dorsal metatarsal
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| If an animal is stressed what 2 things could alter blood results? | cortisol and glucose
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| What 2 samples should be obtained before any treatment? | urine and blood
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| True or false. During venipuncture, the site is held off for the entire time. | True
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| True or false. An artery needs to be occluded when collecting a sample. | False
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| True or false. Arterial blood has a lower pressure than venous. | False
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