Basic Cardiovascular System
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| what the survival of the trillions of cells that make up our bodies depends on | absorption and metabolizing of oxygen and nutrients, secretion of their metabolic waste
🗑
|
||||
| how oxygen and nutrients are supplied to cells | via blood circulation and interstitial fluid
🗑
|
||||
| necessity for proper oxygen and nutrient supply, as well as waste transit | the continuous exchange between interstitial fluid and nearby circulating blood
🗑
|
||||
| the 3 components of the cardiovascular system | the heart, blood, and blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| what type of tissue is blood | connective
🗑
|
||||
| the only 2 liquid connective tissues of the body | blood and lymph
🗑
|
||||
| the heart's role in the cardiovascular system | acts as a pump that propels blood throughout the body
🗑
|
||||
| the percentage of the body that is whole blood | 8%
🗑
|
||||
| whole blood is composed of ..... | liquid plasma and a solid component of formed elements
🗑
|
||||
| plasma is composed of ... | proteins, water, and other solutes
🗑
|
||||
| proteins found in plasma | albumins, globulins, fibrinogens
🗑
|
||||
| 'other solutes' found in plasma | electrolytes, nutrients, gasses, vitamins, waste products, enzymes and hormones
🗑
|
||||
| the 'formed elements' of whole blood are composed of .... | red and white blood cells, platelets
🗑
|
||||
| role of red blood cells (hemaglobin) | transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body, gives whole blood it's red colour
🗑
|
||||
| role of white blood cells | immunity, protection against infections
🗑
|
||||
| role of platelets | initiation and stimulation of coagulation (to stop hemorrhaging)
🗑
|
||||
| functions of blood | transportation (of oxygen/nutrients/wastes), regulation/homeostasis (maintenace of chemical concentrations/regulate body temperature), protection (immune reaction, eliminating bacteria, coagulation)
🗑
|
||||
| how blood is transported throughout the body | via a closed circuit network of blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| the three types of blood vessels | arteries, veins, capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| carry blood away from the heart, towards tissues | arteries
🗑
|
||||
| carry blood towards the heart, from the cells/tissues | veins
🗑
|
||||
| responsible for gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid | capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| type of tissue (and tunic) making up capillaries | epithelial (tunica interna), endothelium
🗑
|
||||
| the 3 layers (tunics) of veins and arteries | tunicas interna(endothelium), media, externa
🗑
|
||||
| connective tissue (elastic and collagen fibers), found in arteries and veins, gives strength, suppleness, and elasticity to vessels | tunica externa
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle tissue, layer of the walls in arteries and veins, plays a role in blood pressure and volume homeostasis by contracting and relaxing | tunica media
🗑
|
||||
| layer of epithelial tissue found in veins, arteries, and makes up capillaries | tunica interna (endothelium)
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle cell contraction (narrowing of the lumen), increases blood pressure and reduces blood volume | vasoconstriction
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle cell relaxation,(increase of the diameter of the lumen), decreases blood pressure and increases blood volume | vasodilation
🗑
|
||||
| three types of arteries | large, medium, arterioles
🗑
|
||||
| found leaving the heart, and rapidly dividing, have a high volume of elastic fibers to accommodate high volume of blood, the aorta is the largest | large arteries
🗑
|
||||
| originate from the branching of large arteries, abundance of smooth muscle cells (for vasodilatation and vasoconstriction) | medium sized arteries
🗑
|
||||
| very small arteries delivering blood to capillaries | arterioles
🗑
|
||||
| two types of veins | veins and venules
🗑
|
||||
| small veins formed by the fusion of capillary vessels, collect blood from capillaries | venules
🗑
|
||||
| formed by the fusion of venules, return blood to the heart | veins
🗑
|
||||
| differences between veins and arteries | veins have valves, thin tunics, large lumen
- arteries have thick tunics, narrow lumen, no valves
🗑
|
||||
| bringing blood back to the heart | venous return
🗑
|
||||
| 3 mechanisms for venous return | venous valves, muscular pump, respiratory pump
🗑
|
||||
| venous valves | prevents 'backflow' of blood
🗑
|
||||
| lower-limb contraction/relaxation cycle, creates a pumping motion propelling blood upward | muscular pump
🗑
|
||||
| modification of abdominal and thoracic internal pressure during inhalation/exhalation, pulling blood upwards (vacuum) | respiratory pump
🗑
|
||||
| location of the heart | in the mediastinum, on the diaphram, slightly to the left, between the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| membrane surrounding and protecting the heart | pericardium
🗑
|
||||
| make up of the pericardium | two layers of connective tissue separated by a thin cavity filled with pericardial fluid, and a thin single layer wrapping it all
🗑
|
||||
| layers of tissue in the cardiac walls | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
🗑
|
||||
| thin, transparent outtermost layer of connective tissue surrounding the inner walls of the heart | epicardium
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac muscle tissue, middle layer of tissues surrounding walls of the heart | myocardium
🗑
|
||||
| thin layer of epithelial tissue covering the inside of the heart | endocardium
🗑
|
||||
| the upper chambers of the heart | atria
(left atrium, right atrium)
🗑
|
||||
| the lower chambers of the heart | ventricles
(left ventricle, right ventricle)
🗑
|
||||
| blood enters the heart through ________, and leaves through the ___________ via _________ | atria, ventricles, arteries
🗑
|
||||
| blood leaves tissues via ______, which bring it into the ________ | veins, atrium
🗑
|
||||
| in between the heart and tissues are the ___________ | capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| blood leaves the lungs _________ | oxygenated
🗑
|
||||
| blood is _____________ in the tissues and organs | de-oxygenated
🗑
|
||||
| oxygenated blood leaves the lungs via _____ and enters the ___ ______, where it is emptied into the ___ _______ , and leaves the heart via the ________ | veins, left atrium, left ventricle, arteries (aorta)
🗑
|
||||
| ________ de-oxyginate blood, which is then brought back to the heart through the ____ _____ via _______, where it is emptied into the ___ _______, and leaves towards the lungs via ________ | capillaries, right atrium, veins, right ventricle, arteries
🗑
|
||||
| the two closed circuits of blood circulation | pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation
🗑
|
||||
| define systemic circulation | the path followed by blood when leaving the heart to reach every tissue of the body (except the lungs)
🗑
|
||||
| circuit responsible for supplying oxygen and nutrients, and collecting CO2 and other metabolic wastes in the body before flowing back to the heart | systemic circulation
🗑
|
||||
| closed circuit that refers to blood flowing from the left atrium to the right atrium | systemic circulation
🗑
|
||||
| define pulmonary circulation | the path followed by blood when leaving the heart to reach the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| circuit responsible for excreting CO2 and filling up with oxygen before returning to the heart | pulmonary circulation
🗑
|
||||
| closed circuit that refers to blood flowing from the right atrium to the left atrium | pulmonary circulation
🗑
|
||||
| the hearts blood supply and vessel network | coronary circulation
🗑
|
||||
| group of specialized cells stimulating atrial and ventricular contractions | SA node or pacemaker
🗑
|
||||
| the contraction phase in cardiac chambers | systole
🗑
|
||||
| the relaxation phase in cardiac chambers | diastole
🗑
|
||||
| the control centre located in the brain stem, regulating heart rate through the autonomic nervous system | cardiovascular centre
🗑
|
||||
| factors influencing (accelerating) heart rate | hormones such as adrenaline, cortisol, thyroid ... aging, obesity, smoking, fever
🗑
|
||||
| the force exerted by blood on the blood vessel walls | blood pressure
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
massageclass
Popular Massage Therapy sets