Chap. 11 in Romich Vet Terminology
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| composed of ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers, called hormones, into the blood stream | endocrine system
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| prefix meaning within | endo-
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| suffix meaning to secrete or separate | -crine
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| the tissues and organs on which hormones act | target organs
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| located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus, known as the master gland | pituitary gland
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| combining word form for pituitary gland | pituit/o
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| secretes releasing and inhibiting factors that affect the release of substances from the pituitary gland | hypothalamus
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| a stalk that connects the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus | infundibulum
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| another name for the pituitary gland | hypophysis
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| the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces hormones | adenohypophysis
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| hormones released from the adenohypophysis, cause target organ to produce a second hormone | indirect-acting hormones
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| the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland | neurohypophysis
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| combining word form for gland | aden/o
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| hormones released from the neurohypophysis, cause desired effect directly in the target organ | direct-acting hormones
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| augments growth and secretions of the thyroid gland: abbreviated TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| augments the growth and secretion of the adrenal cortex; abbreviated ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone
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| augments the secretion of estrogen & growth of eggs in the ovaries and sperm in the testes; abbreviated FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone
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| gamete-producing gland | gonadotropic
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| augments ovulation and aids in the maintenance of pregnancy in females; abbreviated LH | luteinizing hormone
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| combining word form for yellow | lute/o
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| stimulates testosterone secretion in males; abbreviated ISCH | interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
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| augments milk secretion and influences maternal behavior; abbreviated LTH | prolactin
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| accelerates body growth; abbreviated GH, also known as somatotropin | growth hormone
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| augments skin pigmentation; abbreviated MSH | melanocyte-stimulating hormone
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| maintains water balance in the body by augmenting water re-absorption in the kidneys; abbreviated ADH | antidiuretic hormone
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| stimulates uterine contractions during parturition and milk letdown from the mammary ducts | oxytocin
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| butterfly-shaped gland with right and left lobes fused ventrally by an isthmus, located on either side of the larynx | thyroid gland
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| combining word forms for thyroid | thyr/o and thyroid/o
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| one of the thyroid hormones that regulates metabolism, T3 | triiodothyronine
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| one of the thyroid hormones that regulates metabolism, T4 | thyroxine
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| thyroid hormone that promotes the absorption of calcium from blood into bones | calcitonin
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| four glands located on the surface of the thyroid gland that secrete PTH | parathyroid glands
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| helps regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels by reducing bone calcium | parathormone
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| combining word form for parathyroid glands | parathyroid/o
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| located cranial to each kidney | adrenal or suprarenal glands
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| combining word forms for adrenal glands | adren/o and adrenal/o
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| two parts of the adrenal gland | cortex and medulla
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| a substance that has a specific chemical structure of carbon atoms in four interlocking rings | steroid
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| produced by the adrenal cortex | corticosteriods
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| group of corticosteriods that regulates electrolyte and water balance by affecting ion transport in the kidney | mineralocorticoids
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| the principal mineralocorticoid, regulates sodium and potassium | aldosterone
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| group of corticosteroids that regulate carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism: resistance to stress and immunologic functioning | glucocorticoids
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| group of corticosteroids that aid in the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics | androgens
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| synthetic medications similar in structure to testosterone that are used to increase strength and muscle mass | anabolic steroids
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