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Respiratory system

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Answer
Nasal cavities   Two spaces seperated by the nasal septum, found between the eyes above the oral cavity  
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Nasal septum   A bony partition of the nasal cavities  
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Nostrils   Two openings in the nasal cavities  
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Nasal choana   Nasal conchae  
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Nasal conchae   Curved projections along the lateral sides of the nasal cavities, filter out dust particles and warm and humidify the incoming air  
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Sinuses   Small cavities in the bones of the skull, lined with mucous membranes, communicate with the nasal cavities  
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Pharynx   Passageway lined with mucous membranes, connects the nasal cavities to the larynx  
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Nasopharynx   Uppermost portion of the pharynx, lies directly behind the nasal cavities, contains the pharyngeal tonsils  
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Oropharynx   Middle portion of the pharynx, lies directly behind the oral cavity, contains the palatine and lingual tonsils  
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Laryngopharynx   Bottom portion of the pharynx, lies directly above the larynx  
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Larynx   Cartilaginous structure, contains the vocal cords and a small protrusion of cartilage commonly called the adam's apple  
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Adam's apple   Also called the voice box  
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Glottis   Opening between the two vocal cords  
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Epiglottis   Cartilaginous structure above the glottis, folds down over the glottis during swallowiing to prevent food and water from entering the trachea  
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Trachea   Rigid tube made up of a series of horseshoe-shaped cartilaginous rings, connects the pharynx to the bronchi of the lungs  
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Windpipe   Trachea  
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Lungs   Organs in which gas exchange takes place  
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Mediastinum   Anatomical space between the lungs where the trachea, heart, major blood vessels, and esophagus are found  
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Bronchi   Cartilaginous tubes that extend from the trachea into the lungs  
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Bronchioles   Small bronchi  
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The exchange of gases in the lungs takes place by   Diffusion  
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Terminal bronchioles   Last segments of the bronchioles, connect to the alveoli  
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Alveoli   Tiny sacs that number about 350 million per lung, where gas exchange takes place  
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Surfactant   Lipid secreted into the alveoli, reduces surface tension of water within the lung, thus decreasing energy required to fill the alveoli with air  
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Pleural membranes   Serous membranes associated with the lungs, produce a lubricant to reduce friction between the lungs and the walls of the pleural cavity  
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Parietal pleura   Serous membrane surrounding the internal walls of the thoracic cavity  
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Visceral pleura   Serous membrane lining the outer surface of the lungs  
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Cardiac notch   Angular notch in the left lung to accomidate the heart  
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Inhalation   Active phase of breathing in which energy is used to draw air into the lungs  
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Exhalation   Passive phase of breathing in which air is pushed out of the lungs  
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Tidal volume   Volume of air moved in or out of the lungs in one breath during quiet, relaxed breathing  
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Residual volume   Volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximum exhalation  
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Vital capacity   Volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation  
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Total lung capacity   Total volume of air that can be contained in the lungs  
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Eupnea   Normal breathing  
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Apnea   Breathing stops for a period of time  
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Dyspnea   Trouble breathing  
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