Chapter 3 - Medical Terminology for Health Professions 9th E Schroeder
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| show | 1. Framework of the Body
2. Support & Protect internal organs
3. Joints work with Muscles/Tendons to facilitate movement
4. Store calcium, mineral needed for nerve/muscle function
5. Produce blood cells via bone marrow
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| Ossification | show 🗑
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| Osteoclast | show 🗑
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| Osteoblast | show 🗑
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| show | Proximal Epiphysis, Diaphysis, Distal Epiphysis
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| Periosteum | show 🗑
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| show | AKA Cortical Bone, dense, hard, very strong bone. Over 75% of the body's bones by weight.
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| Spongy Bone | show 🗑
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| show | The central cavity within the shaft of long bones, surrounded by compact bone. Red and yellow bone marrow are stored here.
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| show | Pertaining to the Inner Section
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| Endosteum | show 🗑
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| show | Located in the Spongy Bone, is a blood-forming tissue that makes red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes.
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| Hematopoietic | show 🗑
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| show | A fat-storage area within the bone. There is relatively less Yellow Blood Marrow in childhood, and relatively more Yellow Blood Marrow after Adolescence is complete.
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| Cartilage | show 🗑
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| Articular Cartilage | show 🗑
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| Meniscus | show 🗑
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| Diaphasys | show 🗑
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| show | Wider ends of long bones, which are further distinguished by location terminology: proximal and distal.
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| show | The opening in a bone that allows for the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments.
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| show | The foramen in the skull / occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to pass through.
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| show | A normal projection on the surface of a bone that commonly surves as an attachment point for a muscle or tendon.
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| Mastoid Process | show 🗑
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| Joints | show 🗑
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| show | AKA sutures, joints made of dense connective tissue, holding bones tightly together that allow for little or no movement.
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| Fontanells | show 🗑
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| show | Joints that allow for only short or small movements, connected entirely by cartilage. This includes the connection from sternum to ribs, and the pubic symphysis.
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| show | Joints that allow a variety of motions, further distinguished by the form of movement allowed.
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| show | Wide range of movement in many directions such as the hips and shoulders.
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| Hinge Joints | show 🗑
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| show | Synovial Capsule, Synovial Membrane, Synovial Fluid
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| Synovial Capsule | show 🗑
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| Synovial Membrane | show 🗑
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| show | Flows in the synovial cavity and acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint as possible.
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| Ligaments | show 🗑
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| Bursa | show 🗑
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| Number of Bones in an Average Adult Human Skeleton | show 🗑
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| Appendicular Skeleton | show 🗑
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| Axial Skeleton | show 🗑
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| Appendicular | show 🗑
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| Appendage | show 🗑
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| Extremity | show 🗑
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| show | (8) : Frontal Bone, Parietal bones (2), Occipital Bone, Temporal bones (2), Sphenoid bone, Ethmoid Bone
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| show | External opening of a canal
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| External Auditory meatus | show 🗑
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| Sphenoid or Ethmoid | show 🗑
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| Auditory Ossicles | show 🗑
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| Facial bones | show 🗑
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| show | AKA TMJ, the joint where the jaw (mandible) attaches to the temporal bone.
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| Thoracic Cavity | show 🗑
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| show | True Ribs (7) - first seven pairs that connect to the sternum.
False Ribs (3) - three pairs that connect to the sternum via cartilage.
Floating Ribs - two pairs that do not attach to the sternum, only to vertebrae
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| The three parts of the Sternum (Breast Bone) | show 🗑
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| show | Clavicle, Scapula, Acromion
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| show | Humerus, Radius (THUMB SIDE), Ulna (PINKY SIDE)
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| Olecranon | show 🗑
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| show | 8 Carpals (wrist), 5 Metacarpals, 14 Phalanges
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| Parts / Subdivisions of Spinal Column | show 🗑
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| show | The Body, The Lamina, and the Vertebral Foramen.
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| Coccyx | show 🗑
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| show | Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis
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| Acetabulum | show 🗑
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| show | "Hip bones"
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| Ischium | show 🗑
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| show | "Crotch Bones"
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| Pubic Symphysis | show 🗑
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| Bones of the Legs and Knees | show 🗑
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| show | said: pop-LIT-ee-al, the posterior space behind the knee where ligaments, vessels, and muscles of the joint are located.
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| Cruciate Ligaments | show 🗑
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| Chiropractor | show 🗑
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| show | AKA Orthopedist, a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders with bones, joints, and muscles
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| show | A has a Doctor of Osteopathy. Osteopathy can ALSO mean any disease of a bone.
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| show | Holds a Doctor of Podiatry or a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree. Specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot.
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| show | A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and tendinitis that present with inflammation in the joints and connective tissues.
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| Ankylosis | show 🗑
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| Adhesive Capsulitis | show 🗑
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| show | Stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly.
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| Baker's Cyst | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammation of the Bursa
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| Chrondromalacia | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammation in the cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum
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| show | AKA Bunion. The abnormal enlargement of the joint of the big toe
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| show | Blood within a joint, usually due to joint injury.
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| Hemophilia | show 🗑
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| Polymyalgia Rheumatica | show 🗑
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| Sprain | show 🗑
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| show | The inflammation of the synovial membrane.
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| show | AKA Luxation. The total displacement of a bone from its joint
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| show | The partial displacement of a bone from it's joint
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| Arthritis | show 🗑
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| Osteoarthritis | show 🗑
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| Osteophytes | show 🗑
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| show | AKA Spinal Osteoarthritis. Degenerative condition of the spinal structure or function.
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| Gout | show 🗑
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| Pseudogout | show 🗑
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| Rheumatoid Arthritis | show 🗑
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| Ankylosing Spondylitis | show 🗑
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| show | AKA JIA. An autoimmune disorder that affects children 16 and younger, often outgrown.
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| show | Inflammatory form of arthritis developed by 20% of people with psoriasis
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| show | AKA slipped disk AKA Ruptured Disk. The breaking apart of an intervertebral disc resulting in a bulge that puts pressure on spinal nerves
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| Lumbago | show 🗑
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| show | The forward slipping movement of the body from one of the lower lumbar vertebrae
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| Spina Bifida | show 🗑
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| Kyphosis | show 🗑
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| Lordosis | show 🗑
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| show | The abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
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| Avascular Necrosis | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammation of a bone.
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| Osteomalacia | show 🗑
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| Osteomyelitis | show 🗑
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| Paget's Disease | show 🗑
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| Periostitis | show 🗑
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| show | The compression of a nerve in the spine. AKA pinched nerve.
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| Rickets | show 🗑
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| show | America often fortifies milk with vitamin D, which allows for the appropriate absorption of calcium, which helps normal bone growth.
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| Spinal Stenosis | show 🗑
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| show | Formerly Dwarfism. More than 200 conditions fit into this category.
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| show | AKA Talipes. A congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus.
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| Malignant | show 🗑
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| Bone Metastasis | show 🗑
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| show | A type of cancer that happens in blood-making plasma cells in red bone marrow.
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| Osteochondroma | show 🗑
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| show | Something that is not life-threatening and does not recur
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| show | A type of outgrowth of tissue.
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| show | The significant loss of bone density and increase in bone porosity.
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| show | A thinner-than-average bone density.
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| show | When a bone is pressed together on itself
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| Colles fracture | show 🗑
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| Fracture | show 🗑
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| Closed Fracture | show 🗑
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| show | AKA compound fracture. A bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin.
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| show | A break where a bone is splintered or crushed into small pieces
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| show | In which a bone does not break into two separate pieces, occurring primarily in children
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| Greenstick fracture | show 🗑
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| Buckle Fracture | show 🗑
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| Oblique Fracture | show 🗑
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| show | A break that happens under normal strain.
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| show | A complete break in which a bone has been twisted apart.
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| show | An overuse injury. Usually a small crack in the bone that develops from chronic excessive impact.
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| show | A break that is straight across, perpendicular to the shaft of the bone.
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| show | When the fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood, creating a blockage.
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| show | AKA Crepitus. The sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together, or the popping and clicking sounds in the movement of the joints.
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| show | The thickening of the bone tissue that forms when a bone heals from a break. Also the thickening of the tissue of the skin
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| show | AKA X-ray imaging. Images that help visualize bone fractures or abnormalities
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| Arthroscopy | show 🗑
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| Bone Marrow Biopsy | show 🗑
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| show | The use of a syringe to withdraw tissue from the red bone marrow.
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | show 🗑
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| Computed Tomography | show 🗑
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| show | Used to diagnose different bone disease that deal with the density of bones.
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| show | A class of medical drugs that slow loss of bone density.
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| show | A stem cell transplant used to treat some cancers. First the cancer cells and the patient's bone marrow are destroyed via radiation and chemo, then new cells are introduced.
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| Allogenic | show 🗑
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| show | Using the cells or tissues from the patient to do a procedure.
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| show | Uses stem cells in the blood stream as the transplant material, drawn, stored, and returned though blood.
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| Orthotic | show 🗑
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| Prosthesis | show 🗑
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| show | AKA surgical ankylosis. The surgical fusion of joints.
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| Arthroscopic Surgery | show 🗑
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| show | A surgical procedure to transplant bone.
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| Synovectomy | show 🗑
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| show | The replacement or a worn or failed implant, a surgery to fix something you have fixed before.
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| show | The surgical or accidental removal of a limb.
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| show | The removal of part of an intervertebral disk via a tube through the skin
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| Percutaneous Vertebroplasty | show 🗑
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| Laminectomy | show 🗑
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| Spinal Fusion | show 🗑
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| show | The surgical removal of a portion of the skull.
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| Intracranial pressure | show 🗑
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| show | The surgical incision or opening into the skull
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| Osteotomy | show 🗑
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| Closed Reduction | show 🗑
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| show | A surgical procedure to realign the parts of the bone.
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| Immobilization | show 🗑
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| Traction | show 🗑
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| External Fixation | show 🗑
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| show | Using hardware directly against the bone to repair an injury or flaw, which usually remains in the body indefinitely.
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| show | Total Knee Replacement, Total Hip Replacement
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| show | Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis
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| PKR | show 🗑
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