AnSci Study Guide for Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Feed costs are what % of production costs? | 60 to 70
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| Approx how many farms are in the USA? | 2.2 million
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| How many farms are family owned? | 97%
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| How many acres are used for farming in the USA? | 2.26 billion
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| What animals does the US farm? | Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Swine, and Poultry
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| Is beef consumption increasing or decreasing? | Decreasing
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| Is poultry/broiler consumption increasing or decreasing? | Increasing
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| What is the leading state in Cow-Calf operations? | Texas
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| What is the leading state in Feedlot operations? | Nebraska
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| What is the leading state in milk production? | California
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| Where does WI fall in milk production? | #2
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| What is the leading state in the sheep industry? | Texas
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| What is the leading state in the pork industry? | Iowa
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| What is the leading state in broiler production? | Georgia
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| What is the leading state in egg production? | Iowa
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| What is the leading state in Turkey production? | North Carolina
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| What is the leading state in goat meat production? | Texas
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| What is the leading state in goat milk produciton? | Wisconsin
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| What is the leading state in horse operations? | Texas
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| What is a livestock breed? | A variety or race of an animal
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| How did livestock breeds develop? | Crossbreeding
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| What breed is best for milk production? | Holstein
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| What breed leads in milk fat %? | Jersey
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| How many breeds of beef cattle are there in the modern day? | More than 60
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| What are sheep raised for? | Fine wool, long wool, mutton, and lambs
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| What are pigs raised for? | lean meat
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| What is a gene? | The simplest unit of inheritance that influence traits.
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| What is a trait? | A heritable characteristic
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| What is a genotype? | The genetic makeup of an individual
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| What is a phenotype? | the expression of the genotype to the enviornment
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| What are offspring? | A male or female animal born to two parents
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| What is Inheritance? | The transmission of genes from parent to offspring
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| What is Dominance (in genes)? | A gene that phenotypically presents over another gene
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| What is Recessive-ness (in genes)? | A gene that does not show phenotypically, when a dominant gene is present
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| What are sex influenced traits? | A gene that produces a different phenotype depending on the sex
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| What are sex limited traits? | expressed traits limited to one of the sexes
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| What is a sex linked trait? | Genes that occur on the sex chromosome
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| What is selection differential? | The difference in performance between the average of the animal and the group from which the animal is selected.
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| What are the chromosomes for a female mammal? | XX
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| What are the chromosomes for a male mammal? | XY
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| What are the chromosomes for a female chicken? | ZW
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| What are the chromosomes for a male chicken? | ZZ
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| How many chromosomes do cattle & goats have? | 60
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| How many chromosomes do horses have? | 64
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| How many chromosomes do swine have? | 38
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| How many chromosomes do sheep have? | 54
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| How many chromosomes do chickens have? | 78
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| How many chromosomes do turkeys have? | 80
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| How many chromosomes do humans have? | 46
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| What is selection? (in reference to genetic improvement) | Preventing some animals from reproducing, while allowing others to reproduce
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| What is the bias for selection? | Individual performance, pedigree, and progeny testing
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| What is tandem selection? | Selecting for one trait at a time
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| What is the best selection system? | Selection index
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| What are the mating systems? | Inbreeding, Linebreeding, Outbreeding, Crossbreeding, Outcrossing, Grading up
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