Brain & cortex and subcortex
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| Gyri definition | convolutions (wrinkles in brain)
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| Sulci/fissure definition | depressions
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| What can happen without gyri or sulci? | you may not have as much cognitive function as others
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| What does the cerebrum contain? | 2 hemispheres where each one has a cerebral cortex and diencephalon
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| What is included in the diencephalon? | thalamus and hypothalamus
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| Where is the cerebrum? | outside and middle of the brain
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| What does the brainstem contain? | mid-brain, pons, and medulla oblongata
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| What does the cerebellum contain? | cerebellar hemispheres
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| What is the cerebellum called and why? | the minibrain because it has 2 hemispheres
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| What are the primary lobes of the brain? | frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes
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| What are 2 other lobes that aren't the primary ones? | limbic lobe and insular lobe
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| Where is the limbic lobe found? | C shape in the middle of the brain and can see in sagittal view of brain
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| Limbic lobe function | emotions
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| Where is the insular lobe found? | pull back the frontal and parietal bone from the temporal lobe
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| Insular lobe function | taste center; gustation
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| What are 3 types of fibres in white brain matter? | commissural fibres, projection fibres, and association fibres
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| Commissural fibres function | connects the 2 brain hemispheres and is called corpus callosum
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| Projection fibres function | convey impulses from remote regions to cerebral cortex and vise versa
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| Association fibres function | interconnect various cortical regions in the same hemisphere
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| What has gray brain matter? | cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei
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| What is included in subcortical nuclei? | basal ganglia, claustrum, and amygdaloid
nucleus
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| What are meninges? | membranes covering brain and spinal cord
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| What are 3 meninges? | durameter, arachnoid, and piameter
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| What's the durameter? | epidural and subdural space
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| What's the arachnoid? | subarachnoid space where cerebrospinal fluid envelopes the brain and spinal cord
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| What's the piameter? | closest meninge to the brain
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| Primary somatosensory cortex function | sensation and proprioception
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| Primary motor cortex function | motor control
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| Primary auditory cortex function | auditory processing
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| Broca's area function | speech and language expression
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| Wernicke's area function | receptive language/comprehension
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| Angular gyrus and PTO cortex | integrates sensory info for recognition/identification and is the
reading center
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| What's the homunculus? | representation of the body in the sensori-motor cortex
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| Allocortex in cerebrum parts | olfactory bulb, hippocampus, fornix, and amygdala
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| Olfactory bulb function | converting smells into signals
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| What's the olfactory bulb tract? | axonal bundle from olfactory bulb to primary olfactory cortex in temporal lobe
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| Hippocampus function | apart of limbic lobe and helps with the formation of memories
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| Fornix function | limbic structure that helps connect hippocampus and hypothalamus & helps with visceral functions
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| Amygdala function | visceral and vegetative functions as well as emotional responses
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| Subcortex in cerebrum parts | basal ganglia nuclei, caudate nucleus, and lenticular nucleus
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| Basal ganglia function | fine tuning and coordinating functions
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| What does evidence show the basal ganglia and thalamus to be involved in? | language processing
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| Diencephalon in cerebrum parts | thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus, and hypothalamus
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| Thalamus function | projection to cortex (relay to premotor, postcentral gyrus) and sensorimotor integration (receives input from cerebellum, optic tract)
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| Epithalamus function | circadian rhythm circulation; linking olfactory system to brainstem
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| Subthalamus function | relay of sensory information
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| Hypothalamus function | coordination of autonomic nervous system w/endocrine pathway; participation in visual pathway
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