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Neuro for Comm
Brain & cortex and subcortex
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gyri definition | convolutions (wrinkles in brain) |
| Sulci/fissure definition | depressions |
| What can happen without gyri or sulci? | you may not have as much cognitive function as others |
| What does the cerebrum contain? | 2 hemispheres where each one has a cerebral cortex and diencephalon |
| What is included in the diencephalon? | thalamus and hypothalamus |
| Where is the cerebrum? | outside and middle of the brain |
| What does the brainstem contain? | mid-brain, pons, and medulla oblongata |
| What does the cerebellum contain? | cerebellar hemispheres |
| What is the cerebellum called and why? | the minibrain because it has 2 hemispheres |
| What are the primary lobes of the brain? | frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes |
| What are 2 other lobes that aren't the primary ones? | limbic lobe and insular lobe |
| Where is the limbic lobe found? | C shape in the middle of the brain and can see in sagittal view of brain |
| Limbic lobe function | emotions |
| Where is the insular lobe found? | pull back the frontal and parietal bone from the temporal lobe |
| Insular lobe function | taste center; gustation |
| What are 3 types of fibres in white brain matter? | commissural fibres, projection fibres, and association fibres |
| Commissural fibres function | connects the 2 brain hemispheres and is called corpus callosum |
| Projection fibres function | convey impulses from remote regions to cerebral cortex and vise versa |
| Association fibres function | interconnect various cortical regions in the same hemisphere |
| What has gray brain matter? | cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei |
| What is included in subcortical nuclei? | basal ganglia, claustrum, and amygdaloid nucleus |
| What are meninges? | membranes covering brain and spinal cord |
| What are 3 meninges? | durameter, arachnoid, and piameter |
| What's the durameter? | epidural and subdural space |
| What's the arachnoid? | subarachnoid space where cerebrospinal fluid envelopes the brain and spinal cord |
| What's the piameter? | closest meninge to the brain |
| Primary somatosensory cortex function | sensation and proprioception |
| Primary motor cortex function | motor control |
| Primary auditory cortex function | auditory processing |
| Broca's area function | speech and language expression |
| Wernicke's area function | receptive language/comprehension |
| Angular gyrus and PTO cortex | integrates sensory info for recognition/identification and is the reading center |
| What's the homunculus? | representation of the body in the sensori-motor cortex |
| Allocortex in cerebrum parts | olfactory bulb, hippocampus, fornix, and amygdala |
| Olfactory bulb function | converting smells into signals |
| What's the olfactory bulb tract? | axonal bundle from olfactory bulb to primary olfactory cortex in temporal lobe |
| Hippocampus function | apart of limbic lobe and helps with the formation of memories |
| Fornix function | limbic structure that helps connect hippocampus and hypothalamus & helps with visceral functions |
| Amygdala function | visceral and vegetative functions as well as emotional responses |
| Subcortex in cerebrum parts | basal ganglia nuclei, caudate nucleus, and lenticular nucleus |
| Basal ganglia function | fine tuning and coordinating functions |
| What does evidence show the basal ganglia and thalamus to be involved in? | language processing |
| Diencephalon in cerebrum parts | thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus, and hypothalamus |
| Thalamus function | projection to cortex (relay to premotor, postcentral gyrus) and sensorimotor integration (receives input from cerebellum, optic tract) |
| Epithalamus function | circadian rhythm circulation; linking olfactory system to brainstem |
| Subthalamus function | relay of sensory information |
| Hypothalamus function | coordination of autonomic nervous system w/endocrine pathway; participation in visual pathway |
Created by:
sshipman
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