Clin Path
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| what are the clinical signs of anemia? | pale mucous membranes, exercise intolerance, tachycardia, panting
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| subclinical signs? | icterus/jaundice if hemolysis
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| syncope means? | fainting spell
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| 3 basic causes of anemia? | increased loss (hemorrhage), increased destruction (imha or hemolytic anemia), decreased rbc production by bone marrow
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| 2 types of anemia? | regenerative and non regenerative
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| describe regenerative anemia | bone marrow is working, increased production of new rbcs/reticulocytes, indicates blood loss or hemolysis
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| describe non regenerative anemia | bone marrow not responding, no or few rbs/reticulocytes, indicates bone marrow defect
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| corrected reticulocyte count= | retic count x patient's pcv/normal pcv; cat=37 and dog=45
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| what 2 animals don't have reticulocytes? | horses and cows
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| cats have what 2 types of reticulocytes? | punctate and aggregates(you only count these)
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| what does nsaids stand for? | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
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| chronic blood loss over several weeks causes? | iron deficiency
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| what is aplastic anemia? | bone marrow failure due to marrow necrosis/inflammation
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| what causes aplasitc anemia? | erlichia canis, felv
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| what is neoplasia? | crowding of marrow elements w/ neoplastic cells
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| what is myelofibrosis? | hypoplasia of marrow elements w/ replacement by collagen
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| what is osteopetrosis? | inherited disorder w/ increased bone density
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| what happens in hemolytic anemia and what causes it? | rbcs are destroyed; toxins: onion and zinc
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| describe imha | antibodies directed against rbc membrane antigens develop and ab-coated rbcs are removed from circulation by spleen
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| imha is more common in which gender? | females
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| imha is what in cats? | rare
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| primary imha is? | idiopathic
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| secondary imha is? | initiated by a trigger
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| how do we diagnosis it? | regeneration (a lot of reticulocytes), spherocytes
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| what is the treatment for imha? | corticosteriods- high doses of prednisone, azathioprine
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| what is eia/swamp fever? | contagious and potentially fatal viral disease in horses
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| which tests checks for antibodies to the virus? | coggins
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