Feeding Diseases
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| Intro | show 🗑
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| show | CS: distension of the LEFT flank and then the right flank. hyper salivation, excess froth/gas accumulation in rumen, respiratory distress, cyanosis, death.
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| Ruminal Tympany (causes) | show 🗑
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| show | Prevention: feed coarse grasses or dry forage before turnout to overgrown pastures, avoid straight pastures, keep stock on pasture all the time rather than sporadically, allow full access to water and salt, watch grass exposure for all ruminants.
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| Enterotoxemia (overeating dz) (CS + Cause) | show 🗑
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| Enterotoxemia (prevention) | show 🗑
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| show | disease caused by Endophyte fungus (acremonium coenophialum), occurs in cattle/sheep mostly, fall and winter are most common occurence in fescue pasture.
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| show | CS: lameness, necrosis of tail end, low milk production, abortion
Cause: increased parasites, increased malnourishment, endophyte fungus.
Prevention: avoid parasites/malnutrition, use fungus free fescue seed for planting, dilute pastures w/ other grass
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| show | CS: hypomagnesemia, disorientation, paddling, convulsions, muscle twitching.
Causes: common in older cows (4+), high occurrence during early lactation in heavy milking cows, pastures w/ low magnesium/calcium + high potassium, stress from weather.
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| show | prevention: provide magnesium 30 days before high risk time, increase magnesium in lactating old cows/ewes, spring/winter/fall high risk, molasses supplement w/ magnesium.
Tx: calcium magnesium IV
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| show | Parturition Paresis / Hypocalcemia
CS: early: muscle tremors, ear twitching, head bob, excitable and hypersensitive, ataxia, vocalization. Advanced: anorexia, low temp, head turned to one side, atonic anal sphincter, lack of borborygmus, tachycardia, die
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| Milk Fever (cause and prevention) | show 🗑
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| Milk Fever Etc. | show 🗑
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| show | CS: low appetite, low milk, diarrhea/discolored feces.
Cause: pregnancy, lack of bulk in diet, sudden jarring of fresh cows, poor muscle tone, mycotoxin exposure.
Prevent: avoid acidosis/alkalosis, eliminate moldy/overloaded feeds.
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| show | CS: 14-50 days after birth in cattle, 2 wks before birth in sheep, low milk production, low appetite, sugary-acid breath, low wt, frequent urination, trembling, collapse.
Cause: rapid loss of body fat and low carbohydrates in diet.
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| show | Tx: IV glucose, propylene glycol NG, glucocorticoids
Px: can reoccur
prevent: lean body condition, avoid excess fat, high energy intake before birth and lower afterwards, avoid sudden feed changes in physical nature of the feeds.
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| Thiamine-deficiency Polio (CS + causes) | show 🗑
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| show | Prevent: lower grain intake + increase roughage quality 1 wk before allowing to graze, increase high energy diets, provide balanced calcium/phosphorus/and vitamin D.
Occurs primarily in feedlot/young cattle under 2 yrs. Goats/alpacas can be affected.
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| Rickets (CS, cause, prevention, Px) | show 🗑
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| show | Urolithasis, Water Belly.
CS: difficult urination, bloody urine, kicking at abdomen, bladder rupture.
Causes: increase in feedlots, high potassium + phosphorus consumption, low calcium, Vitamin A deficiency, excess silicate intake.
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| Urinary Calculi (prevention) | show 🗑
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| show | CS: dyspnea, irregular gait, ataxia, hind limb paralysis, hunched back appearance, flying scapula, heart irregularities, death.
Prevent: balance ratios, increase selenium to dietary intake in known deficient areas.
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| show | Cause: selenium + Vitamin E deficiency, geographic distribution (low selenium in many areas of the US and Canada), common is fast growing individuals in flocks or herds.
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Created by:
Riley.Scherf
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