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Respiratory System

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Answer
adenoids   show
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show The tiny air sacs in the lungs through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the blood in respiration (singular: alveolus); an alveolus, in general, is a small hollow or cavity; the term also applies to the bony socket for a tooth  
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bronchiole   show
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bronchus   show
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show A gas produced by energy metabolism in cells and eliminated through the lungs  
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carbonic acid   show
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show A measure of how easily the lungs expand under pressure; compliance is reduced in many types of respiratory disorders  
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diaphragm   show
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show A leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea  
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expectoration   show
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expiration   show
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glottis   show
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show The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen  
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show The act of drawing air into the lungs; inhalation  
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larynx   show
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lingual tonsils   show
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show A cone-shaped, spongy respiratory organ contained within the thorax (roots: pneum/o, pulm/o)  
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mediastinum   show
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nose   show
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oxygen (O2)   show
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show The paired masses of lymphoid tissue located on either side of the oropharynx; usually meant when the term tonsils is used alone  
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pharynx   show
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phrenic nerve   show
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show A double-layered membrane that lines the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura) and covers the lungs (visceral pleura) (root: pleur/o)  
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show The thin, fluid-filled space between the two layers of the pleura; pleural cavity  
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pulmonary ventilation   show
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show A cavity or channel; the paranasal sinuses are located near the nose and drain into the nasal cavity  
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show The substance released by coughing or clearing the throat; expectoration; it may contain a variety of materials from the respiratory tract  
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surfactant   show
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show The air passageway that extends from the larynx to the bronchi (root: trache/o)  
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turbinate bones   show
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vocal folds   show
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acidosis   show
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acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)   show
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acute rhinitis   show
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alkalosis   show
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show The concentrations of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, in arterial blood; reported as the partial pressure (P) of the gas in arterial (a) blood, such as PaO2 or PaCO2; these measurements are important in measuring the acid–base balance  
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aspiration   show
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show A disease characterized by dyspnea and wheezing caused by spasm of the bronchial tubes or swelling of their mucous membranes  
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atelectasis   show
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show Chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi  
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show Inflammation of a bronchus  
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show An endoscope used to examine the tracheobronchial passageways. Also allows access for tissue biopsy or removal of a foreign object  
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)   show
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croup   show
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cyanosis   show
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show An inherited disease that affects the pancreas, respiratory system, and sweat glands; characterized by mucus accumulation in the bronchi causing obstruction and leading to infection  
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show Acute infectious disease, usually limited to the upper respiratory tract, characterized by the formation of a surface pseudomembrane composed of cells and coagulated material  
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show Difficult or labored breathing (-pnea), sometimes with pain; “air hunger”  
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emphysema   show
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show Accumulation of pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural space; pyothorax  
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hemoptysis   show
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show Presence of blood in the pleural space  
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show Presence of fluid in the pleural space  
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hyperventilation   show
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hypoventilation   show
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show An acute, contagious respiratory infection causing fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain; “flu”  
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lung scan   show
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show An acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough ending in a whooping inspiration; whooping cough  
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show Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space; the fluid may contain blood (hemothorax) or pus (pyothorax or empyema)  
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show Inflammation of the pleura; pleuritis; a symptom of pleurisy is sharp pain on breathing  
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pneumoconiosis   show
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show Inflammation of the lungs generally caused by infection; may involve the bronchioles and alveoli (bronchopneumonia) or one or more lobes of the lung (lobar pneumonia)  
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show Inflammation of the lungs; may be caused by infection, asthma, allergy, or inhalation of irritants  
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pneumothorax   show
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pulmonary function tests   show
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pulse oximetry   show
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pyothorax   show
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show A respiratory disorder that affects premature infants born without enough surfactant in the lungs; it is treated with respiratory support and surfactant administration  
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show An apparatus used to measure breathing volumes and capacities; record of test is a spirogram  
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sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)   show
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show Surgical puncture of the chest for removal of air or fluids, such as may accumulate after surgery or as a result of injury, infection, or cardiovascular problems; also called thoracocentesis  
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tuberculin test   show
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tuberculosis   show
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