Respiratory System
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adenoids | show 🗑
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show | The tiny air sacs in the lungs through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the blood in respiration (singular: alveolus); an alveolus, in general, is a small hollow or cavity; the term also applies to the bony socket for a tooth
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bronchiole | show 🗑
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bronchus | show 🗑
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show | A gas produced by energy metabolism in cells and eliminated through the lungs
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carbonic acid | show 🗑
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show | A measure of how easily the lungs expand under pressure; compliance is reduced in many types of respiratory disorders
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diaphragm | show 🗑
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show | A leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea
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expectoration | show 🗑
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expiration | show 🗑
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glottis | show 🗑
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show | The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen
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show | The act of drawing air into the lungs; inhalation
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larynx | show 🗑
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lingual tonsils | show 🗑
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show | A cone-shaped, spongy respiratory organ contained within the thorax (roots: pneum/o, pulm/o)
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mediastinum | show 🗑
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nose | show 🗑
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oxygen (O2) | show 🗑
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show | The paired masses of lymphoid tissue located on either side of the oropharynx; usually meant when the term tonsils is used alone
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pharynx | show 🗑
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phrenic nerve | show 🗑
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show | A double-layered membrane that lines the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura) and covers the lungs (visceral pleura) (root: pleur/o)
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show | The thin, fluid-filled space between the two layers of the pleura; pleural cavity
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pulmonary ventilation | show 🗑
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show | A cavity or channel; the paranasal sinuses are located near the nose and drain into the nasal cavity
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show | The substance released by coughing or clearing the throat; expectoration; it may contain a variety of materials from the respiratory tract
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surfactant | show 🗑
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show | The air passageway that extends from the larynx to the bronchi (root: trache/o)
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turbinate bones | show 🗑
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vocal folds | show 🗑
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acidosis | show 🗑
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acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | show 🗑
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acute rhinitis | show 🗑
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alkalosis | show 🗑
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show | The concentrations of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, in arterial blood; reported as the partial pressure (P) of the gas in arterial (a) blood, such as PaO2 or PaCO2; these measurements are important in measuring the acid–base balance
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aspiration | show 🗑
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show | A disease characterized by dyspnea and wheezing caused by spasm of the bronchial tubes or swelling of their mucous membranes
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atelectasis | show 🗑
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show | Chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi
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show | Inflammation of a bronchus
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show | An endoscope used to examine the tracheobronchial passageways. Also allows access for tissue biopsy or removal of a foreign object
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | show 🗑
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croup | show 🗑
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cyanosis | show 🗑
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show | An inherited disease that affects the pancreas, respiratory system, and sweat glands; characterized by mucus accumulation in the bronchi causing obstruction and leading to infection
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show | Acute infectious disease, usually limited to the upper respiratory tract, characterized by the formation of a surface pseudomembrane composed of cells and coagulated material
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show | Difficult or labored breathing (-pnea), sometimes with pain; “air hunger”
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emphysema | show 🗑
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show | Accumulation of pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural space; pyothorax
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hemoptysis | show 🗑
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show | Presence of blood in the pleural space
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show | Presence of fluid in the pleural space
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hyperventilation | show 🗑
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hypoventilation | show 🗑
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show | An acute, contagious respiratory infection causing fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain; “flu”
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lung scan | show 🗑
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show | An acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough ending in a whooping inspiration; whooping cough
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show | Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space; the fluid may contain blood (hemothorax) or pus (pyothorax or empyema)
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show | Inflammation of the pleura; pleuritis; a symptom of pleurisy is sharp pain on breathing
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pneumoconiosis | show 🗑
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show | Inflammation of the lungs generally caused by infection; may involve the bronchioles and alveoli (bronchopneumonia) or one or more lobes of the lung (lobar pneumonia)
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show | Inflammation of the lungs; may be caused by infection, asthma, allergy, or inhalation of irritants
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pneumothorax | show 🗑
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pulmonary function tests | show 🗑
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pulse oximetry | show 🗑
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pyothorax | show 🗑
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show | A respiratory disorder that affects premature infants born without enough surfactant in the lungs; it is treated with respiratory support and surfactant administration
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show | An apparatus used to measure breathing volumes and capacities; record of test is a spirogram
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sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | show 🗑
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show | Surgical puncture of the chest for removal of air or fluids, such as may accumulate after surgery or as a result of injury, infection, or cardiovascular problems; also called thoracocentesis
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tuberculin test | show 🗑
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tuberculosis | show 🗑
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