LAB 1
Help!
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| WHAT DOES OSHA STAND FOR? | Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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| WHAT DOES MSDS STAND FOR? | Material Safety and Data Sheet
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| WHAT DOES PPE STAND FOR? | Personal Protective Equipment
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| WHAT IS THE NUMBER ONE RULE OF RADIOLOGY? | No part of your person should ever be in the primary beam
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| SHOULD CHEMICALS EVER BE KEPT ABOVE EYE LEVEL? | NO
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| WHAT SHOULD YOU ALWAYS CHECK YOUR ANESTHESIA MACHINE FOR? | Leaks
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| WHAT ARE SECONDARY LABELS? | Used to identify what is in the container when it has been removed from the primary (original) container
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| WHAT ARE 4 REQUIREMENTS THAT MUST BE IN A VETERINARY LABORATORY IN ORDER FOR IT TO BE CONSIDERED A WORKABLE SPACE? | Sink, electric supply, microscope, supplies, refrigerator, incubator, internet access
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| WHAT ARE THE TWO COMPONETS AFTER CENTERFUGATION? | Supernatant (liquid)
Sediment (solid)
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| DURING WHAT DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE DO WE USE A REFRACTOMETER? | Specific gravity or total protein
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| WHAT TEMPERATURE SHOULD INCUBATORS BE KEPT AT? | 37 degrees Celsius
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| WHAT IS THE REASON THAT YOU SHOULD NOT TRY TO PUT OUT A FIRE? | If it is too large, is on the building, will block your escape, the roof could fall, etc
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| WHAT ARE THE 4 STEPS AND THE WORD THAT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER WHEN PUTTING OUT A FIRE WITH AN EXTINGUISHER? | PASS
P- pull
A- aim
S- squeeze
S- sweep
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| WHAT TWO ITEMS ARE USED TO CLEAN THE MICROSCOPE? | 1) Alcohol
2) Kim wipe or lens paper
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| WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR A RED BLOOD CELL? | erythrocyte
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| WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR A WHITE BLOOD CELL? | leukocyte
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| WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR A PLATELET? | thrombocyte
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| WHAT ANTICOAGULANT IS IN A PURPLE TOP TUBE? | EDTA
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| WHAT ANTICOAGULANT IS IN A GREEN TOP TUBE? | Heparin
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| WHAT IS THE BEST PLACE TO DRAW BLOOD FROM AND WHY? | Jugular
largest vessel
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| WHEN MAKING A BLOOD SMEAR, WHAT TYPE OF BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE MUST THE BLOOD COME FROM AND WHY IS IT BEST TO USE THIS TYPE OF BLOOD? | Purple top or EDTA tube, does not change the cell morphology
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| WHAT DOES CBC STAND FOR | COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
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| WHAT DOES PCV STAND FOR | PACKED CELL VOLUME
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| WHAT UNIT DO WE USE TO EXPRESS PCV | % PERCENTAGE (OF RBCs)
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| WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE LAYER OF THE MICROHEMATOCRIT TUBE THAT INCLUDES THE WBCs AND PLATLETS | BUFFY COAT
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| WHAT IS THE TOOL CALLED THAT WE USE TO MEASURE TP | REFRACTOMETER
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| WHAT DOES TP STAND FOR | TOTAL PROTEIN
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| IF WE SPIN DOWN A GREEN TOP TUBE, WHAT IS THE LIQUID PORTION ON TOP CALLED | PLASMA
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| IF WE SPIN DOWN A RED TOP TUBE, WHAT IS THE LIQUID PORTION LEFT ON TOP CALLED | SERUM
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| WHEN ADJUSTING FOCUS ON AN OBJECT VIEWED WITH THE 40X OBJECTIVE, WHAT KNOB SHOULD BE USED? | FINE/MICRO ADJUSTMENT KNOB
FOCUS KNOB
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| WHEN READING A SMEAR WHAT POWER SHOULD YOU BEGIN ON | THE LOWEST POSSIBLE POWER
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| WHEN RUNNING A SNAP TEST, HOW MANY DROPS OF BLOOD AND HOW MANY OF CONJUGATE ARE USED | Blood - 3(red)
Conjugate -4(blue)
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| WHAT WHITE BLOOD CELLS IS ONLY SEEN IN AN UNHEALTHY ANIMAL | Band neutrophil
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| LIST THE TWO AGRANULAR WHITE BLOOD CELLS | LYMPHOCYTE;
MONOCYTE
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| LIST THE THREE GRANULAR WHITE BLOOD CELLS | NEUTROPHIL;
EOSINOPHIL;
BASOPHIL
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| WHEN SHOULD A RETICULOCYTE COUNT BE PERFORMED AND WHAT TYPE OF STAIN IS NECESSARY | When anemia is present to look for immature RBCs
New Methylene blue stain (supravital stain)
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| HOW SHOULD AN AREA BE PREPARED BEOFRE A BONE MARROW SAMPLE IS OBTAINED | Aseptic/surgical prep
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| NAME ONE MORPHOLOGIC ABNORMALITY IN RBCs AND GIVE A REASON WHY IT MAY OCCUR | Rouleaux - refrigerated too long
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| NAME ONE MORPHOLOGIC ABNORMALITY OF WBCs AND GIVE ONE REASON WHY IT MIGHT OCCUR | Pressing to hard to make a blood smear
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| WHAT ARE THREE MOST COMMON CANINE WHITE BLOOD CELLS IN ORDER | NEUTROPHILS
LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
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| WHAT IS THE TERM FOR NEOPLASIA OF THE BLOOD MARROW AND BLOOD | LEUKEMIA
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| ________________ RED BLOOD CELLS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH REGENERATIVE ANEMIA AND _________________RED BLOOD CELLS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IRON DEFIENCY | MACROCYTIC;
MICROCYTIC
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| NAME TWO CAUSES OF ANEMIA | HEMORRHAGE AND IRON DEFIENCY
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| WHAT TERM DESCRIBES A DECREASE OR ABSENCE OF BLOOD CELLS | APLASTIC
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| INCREASE OF MACROPHAGES AND NEUTROPHILS IN BONE MARROW | CHRONIC PYOGRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION
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| INCREASE OF MACROPHAGES IN BONE MARROW | CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION
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| INCREASE IN FIBRIN IN BONE MARROW | FIBRINOUS
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| INCREASE OF PLASMA CELLS, MATURE LYMPHOCYTES, AND MAST CELLS IN BONE MARROW | CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
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| SAMPLES FROM A SOLID MASS CAN BE COLLECTED IN WHAT 3 WAYS | SWAB;
SCRAPE;
IMPRINT TECHNIQUE
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| FINE NEEDLE BIOPSY CAN COLLECT WHAT | BOTH SOLID AND FLUID SAMPLES
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| WHAT IS IT CALLED WHEN YOU COLLECT FLUID FROM BODY CAVITIES | CENTESIS
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| WHY DO WE GENTLY ROLL SWAB SAMPLES AND NOT RUB THEM ON THE SLIDES | CELL DAMAGE CAN OCCUR
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| HOW MANY SLIDES SHOULD BE PREPARED FOR TZANCH | 6 SLIDES
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| WHERE ARE SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM FOR A FN BIOPSY | PERITONEAL;
THORACIC;
JOINTS
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| NAME 3 TECHNIQUES FOR OBTAINING CYTOLOGY SAMPLES FROM SOLID MASSES | SWAB;
SCRAPE;
IMPRINT;
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATE
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| GIVE A SHORT DEFINITION OF THORACOCENTESIS | REMOVAL OF FLUID FROM THE CHEST CAVITY WITH A NEEDLE
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| GIVE A SHORT DEFINTION OF CYSTOCENTESIS | REMOVAL OF FLUID FROM THE BLADDER WITH A NEEDLE
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| GIVE A SHORT DEFINITION OF ARTHROCENTESIS | REMOVAL OF FLUID FROM THE JOINTS WITH A NEEDLE
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| NAME 2 BIOPSY TECHNIQUES | FINE NEEDLE BIOPSY;
PUNCH BIOPSY;
WEDGE BIOPSY;
ENDOSCOPE-GUIDED BIOPSY;
EXCISIONAL BIOPSY;
INCISIONAL BIOPSY
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| PERCUTANEOUS AND OROTRACHEAL ARE TWO TECHNIQUES FOR WHAT PROCEDURE | TRANSTRACHEAL / BRONCHIAL WASH
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| PERCUTANEOUS AND OROTRACHEAL: WHICH OF THESE TWO TECHNIQUES REQUIRE THE PATIENT TO BE ANESTHETIZED | OROTRACHEAL
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| NAME ONE FACTOR THAT MAY INFLUENCE THE COLOR AND TURBIDITY OF A FLUID SAMPLE | INFLAMMATION;
BLOOD CONTAMINATION;
PROTEIN CONTENT
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| CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUES MAY BE NEEDED FOR ____________CELLULARITY SAMPLES | LOW
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| NAME TWO CRITERIA OF MALIGNANCY | ANISOKARYOSIS;
PLEOMORPHISM;
INCREASED MIOTIC ACTIVITY;
COARSE CHROMATIN PATTERN;
NULEAR MOLDING;
MULTINUCLEATION
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| THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF CYTOLOGIC EVALUATION IS TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ____________________AND _________________ | INFLAMMATION
NEOPLASIA OR CANCER
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| PERITONEAL FLUID COMES FROM THE ____________CAVITY | ABDOMINAL
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| PLEURAL FLUID COMES FROM THE _________________CAVITY | THORACIC
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| IF YOU ARE COLLECTING A SAMPLE OF PLEURAL OR PERITONEAL FLUID, IN WHAT 2 TUBE TYPES SHOULD YOU MAKE SURE TO PLACE YOUR SAMPLE | PURPLE / EDTA;
RED / PLAIN
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| NAME 2 COMMON ABNORMAL FINDINGS IN AN EAR CYTOLOGY | BACTERIA
YEAST
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| NAME 2 CHARACTERISITICS THAT YOU SHOULD NOTE WHEN PERFORMING A SEMEN EVALUATION | VOLUME;
GROSS APPEARANCE;
MICROSCOPIC APPEARANCE;
WAVE MOTION;
MICROSCOPIC MOTILITY;
SPERMATOZOA CONCENTRATION;
RATIO OF DEAD/ALIVE SPERMATOZOA;
PRESENCE OF FOREIGN CELLS OR MATERIAL
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| WHAT IS THE PREDOMINANT CELL TYPE IN A NORMAL LYMPH NODE ASPIRATE | SMALL, MATURE, LYMPHOCYTE
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| WHAT IS THE BEST TIME OF DAY TO COLLECT A URINE SAMPLE | FIRST THING IN THE MORNING OR AFTER SEVERAL HOURS WITHOUT WATER
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| IF A SUBSTANCE'S CONCENTRATION IN THE URINE EXCEEDS THE LIMIT THAT THE KIDNESY CAN RESORB, WE SAY THAT IT HAS SURPASSED ITS________________________ | RENAL THRESHOLD
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| WHAT IS THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE KIDNEY | NEPHRON
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| NAME THE 4 PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM IN ORDER | KIDNEYS
URETERS
BLADDER
URETHRA
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| ABOVE WHAT LEVEL (CELLS/MILLILITER) IS MILK CLASSIFIED FROM A COW WITH MASTITIS | 500,000 CELLS/mL
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| NAME ONE CAUSE OF A TRANSUDATE | CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
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| NAME TWO CYTOLOGIC SMEAR TECHNIQUES | IMPRESSION SMEAR;
COMPRESSION SMEAR;
MODIFIED COMPRESSION SMEAR;
LINE SMEAR;
STARFISH SMEAR;
WEDGE SMEAR
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| ANESTRUS: | NO VULVAR SWELLING
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| PROESTRUS | SWOLLEN VULVA WITH REDDISH DISCHARGE
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| ESTRUS: | SWOLLEN VULVA WITH PINKISH TO STRAW COLORED DISCHARGE
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| METESTRUS: | DECREASED VULVAR SWELLING AND DISCHARGE
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| WHAT ARE THREE TYPES OF PIPETTES | GRADUATED;
TD-TO DELIVER;
TC-TO CONTAIN
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| WHAT IS A MECHANICAL STAGE | HOLDS SLIDES ON MICROSCOPE
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| COARSE AND FINE FOCUS KNOBS DO WHAT | FOCUS THE SLIDE
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| TOTAL MAGNIFICATON ON THE MICROSCOPE IS CALCULATED BY: | X10 (OCULAR LENS)
X
X40 (OBJECTIVE LENS)
=
X400 TOTAL MAGNIFICATION
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| WHAT DOES EPO DO | TELLS THE BODY TO MAKE RED BLOOD CELLS
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| WHAT IS HEMATOPOIESIS | PRODUCTION OF BLOOD CELLS AND PLATELETS
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| NAME TWO AGRANULOCYTES | LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
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| WHAT ARE AGRANULOCYTES | WHITE BLOOD CELLS, NO GRANULUES PRESENT
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| WHAT ARE GRANULOCYTES | WHITE BLOOD CELLS, GRANULES PRESENT
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| NAME THREE GRANULOCYTES | NEUTROPHIL;
EOSINOPHILS;
BASOPHILS
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| WHAT IS ERYTHROPOESIS | PRODUCTION OF ERYTHROCYTES
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| WHAT IS LEUKOPOIESIS | PRODUCTION OF LEUKOCYTES
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| WHAT DOES -PENIA MEAN | DECREASED NUMBER OF CELLS
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| WHAT IS NEUTOPENIA | DECRESED NEUTROPHILS
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| WHAT DOES -PHILIA MEAN | INCREASED NUMBER OF CELLS
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| WHAT DOES LEFT-SHIFT MEAN | INCREASED NUMBER OF NEUTROPHILS
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| ICTERIC MEANS | YELLOW
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| LIPEMIC MEANS | CLOUDY
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| IF A PCV IS BELOW NORMAL, WHAT DOES IT MEAN | ANEMIA
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| IF A PCV IS ABOVE NORMAL, WHAT DOES IT MEAN | POLYCYTHEMIA
DEHYDRATION
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| WHAT DOES HYPERCELLULAR MEAN | INCREASED : IN CELLS
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| WHAT IS HYPOCELLULAR | DECREASED: IN CELLS
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| WHAT IS CHRONIC PYOGRANULOMATOUS | INCREASE IN MACROPHAGES AND NEUTROPHILS
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| WHAT IS CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS | INCREASE IN MACROPHAGES
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| MACROCYTIC | REGENERATIVE ANEMIA
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| MICROCYTIC | IRON DEFICIENCY
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| HYPOCHROMIC | LOW HGB
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| NORMOCHROMIC | NORMAL HGB
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| ALL SPECIES EXCEPT ________CAN REGENERATE RBCs VIA BONE MARROW | HORSES
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| NORMOCYTIC | SIZE
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| NORMOCHROMIC | COLOR
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| WHAT IS COAGULOPATHY | BLOOD NOT CLOTTING
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| WHAT IS THE AREA WHERE BLOOD, LYMPH VESSELS, NERVES, AND THE URETER ENTER AND LEAVE THE KIDNEYS | HILUS
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| THE VOLUME OF URINE PRODUCED IS CONTROLLED BY WHAT TWO HORMONES | ANTIDURETIC HORMONE
ALDOSTERONE
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| WHAT IS OLIGURIA | DECREASED URINE PRODUCTION
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| WHAT IS POLYURIA | INCREASED URINE PRODUCTION
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| WHAT IS ANURIA | NO URINE PRODUCTION
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| WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF A NEPHRON | RENAL CORPUSCLE;
PROXIMAL TUBULE;
LOOP OF HENLE;
DISTAL TUBULE;
COLLECTING TUBULE
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| GREEN TOP TUBE: | HEPARIN;
PLASMA
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| PURPLE TOP TUBE | EDTA
USE FOR BLOOD SMEAR BECAUSE IT DOESNT CHANGE THE MORPHOLOGY
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| RED TOP TUBE | NOTHING IN IT
SERUM
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| TIGGER TOP TUBE | CLOTTING GEL
SERUM
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| WHAT DOES IT USUALLY MEAN IF THE ODOR OF URINE IS FISHY | INFECTION
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| WHAT DOES IT USUALLY MEAN IF THE ODOR OF URINE IS FRUITY | DIABETES
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| WHAT DOES POIKILOCYTOSIS MEAN | VARIATION IN SHAPE OF CELLS
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| WHAT DOES ANISOCYTOSIS MEAN | VARIATION IN SIZE OF CELL
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| WHAT IS POLYDIPSIA | INCREASED WATER INTAKE
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| WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY RANGE FOR URINE IN DOGS | 1.001-1.060
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| WHAT IS THE AVERAGE SPECIFIC GRAVITY FOR DOGS | 1.025
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| WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY RANGE FOR URINE IN CATS | 1.001-1.080
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| WHAT IS THE AVERAGE SPECIFIC GRAVITY FOR CATS | 1.030
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| pH ABOVE 7.0 | ALKALINE
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| pH BELOW 7.0 | ACIDIC
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| WHAT IS GLUCOSURIA | PRESENCE OF GLUCOSE
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| WHAT IS GLYCOSURIA | PRESENCE OF GLUCOSE
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| WHAT IS KETONURIA | PRESENCE OF KETONES
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| NAME 4 NORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE SEDIMENT | FEW CASTS;
CRYSTALS;
EPITHELIAL CELLS;
RBCs;
WBCs;
MUCUS THREADS;
SPERM;
FAT DROPLETS
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| NAME CONSTITUENTS OF ABNORMAL URINE SEDIMENT | MORE THAN A FEW RBCs AND WBCs;
HYPERPLASTIC OR NEOPLASTIC EPITHELIAL CELLS;
CASTS;
CRYSTALS;
PARASITE OVA;
BACTERIA;
YEAST
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| WHAT ARE THREE TYPES OF EPITHELIAL CELLS | SQUAMOUS;
TRANSITIONAL;
RENAL
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| SQUAMOUS CELL APPEARANCE | FLAT
THIN
STRAIGHT EDGES
DISTINCT CORNERS
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| TRANSITIONAL CELL APPEARANCE | ROUND
OCCASIONALLY PEAR SHAPED
SMALL
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| RENAL CELL APPEARANCE | SMALLEST CELL
GENERALLY ROUND
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| NAME EXAMPLES OF CASTS | HYALINE
GRANULAR CASTS
EPITHELIAL CASTS
LEUKOCYTE CASTS
ERYTHROCYTE CASTS
WAXY CASTS
FATTY CASTS
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| WHAT IS CRYSTALLURIA | PRESENCE OF CRYSTALS
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| WHEN LABELING A SAMPLE, WHAT INFO IS PRESENT | DATE AND TIME OF COLLECTION
OWNERS NAME
PATIENTS NAME
CLINIC IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
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| MICROBIOLOGICAL TEST MAY BE PERFORMED ON WHAT KIND OF URINE SAMPLE | CYSTOCENTESIS SAMPLES
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| URINE SAMPLES SHOULD BE AT LEAST _______CC, AND PREFERABLY _____CC | 1
12
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| HOW LONG IS A URINE SAMPLE GOOD FOR WHEN REFRIDGERATED | 24 HOURS
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| NORMAL URINE COLOR SHOULD BE | YELLOW, DUE TO UROCHROME
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| ABNORMAL URINE ODORS INCLUDE WHAT | SWEET
AMMONIA
PUTRID
FOUL SMELLING
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| NORMAL URINE TRANSPARENCY SHOULD BE | CLEAR
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| ABNORMAL URINE TRANSPARENCY APPEARS | HAZINESS TO CLOUDINESS
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| WHAT IS ANTIDIURETIC | AGENT OR DRUG
WHEN ADMINISTERED CONTROLS BODY WATER BALANCE BY REDUCING URINATION
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| WHAT IS ALDOSTERONE | A CORTICOSTEROID HORMONE
STIMULATES ABSORPTION OF SODIUM BY THE KIDNEYS,
REGULATES WATER AND SALT
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| HOW MANY SLIDES SHOULD YOU PREPARE FOR TZANCH | 6 SLIDES
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| THE CORRECT MEDICAL TERM FOR A URINARY STONE IS | UROLITH
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| URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY READINGS INDICATE | DISSOLVED SOLIDS
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| THE ABILITY TO OBTAIN THE SAME RESULTS, TIME AFTER TIME, ON THE SAME SAMPLE IS | PRECISION
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| WHAT ARE 3 TESTS USED TO TEST LIVER FUNCTION | CHOLESTREROL; BILE ACIDS; BILLIRUBIN
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| WHAT IS POLLAKIURIA | FREQUENT URINATION
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| NAME 3 OF 4 POSSIBLE METHODS FOR COLLECTING URINE | FREE CATCH;
EXPRESSION;
CATHETERIZATION;
CYSTOCENTESIS
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| WHAT IS THE EASIEST METHOD TO OBTAIN URINE | FREE CATCH
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| WHAT IS THE BEST METHOD TO COLLECT URINE FOR MICROBIOLOGY (CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY) | CYSTOCENTESIS
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| WHAT ARE THE 4 COMPONETS OF COMPLETE URINALYSIS | SPECIFIC GRAVITY-REFRACTOMETER;
GROSS EXAM - CLARITY, COLOR, ODOR;
CHEMISTRY -REAGENT STRIP;
MICROSCOPIC EXAM OF SEDIMENT
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| NAME 2 REASONS THAT URINE CAN APPEAR RED OR BROWNISH | RED BLOOD CELLS-HEMATURIA
HEMOGLOBIN-HEMOGLOBINURIA
MYOGLOBIN-MYOGLOBINURIA
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| IN URINE HAS A FRUITY ODOR, IT CAN IDICATE THE PRESENCE OF WHAT | KETONES
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| NAME 4 THINGS THAT ARE MEASURED ON A URINE CHEMISTRY(REAGENT STRIP) | PH
BILIRUBIN
PROTEIN
BLOOD
WBC
UROBILINOGEN
GLUCOSE
KETONES
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| WHAT TYPE OF TOXICITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH CALCIUM OXALATE MONOHYDRATE CRYSTALS | ETHYLENE GLYCOL- ANTIFREEZE
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| WHAT ARE THE TWO MOST COMMON CRYSTALS SEEN IN URINE AND DESCRIBE THEIR SHAPE | STRUVITE- COFFIN LIDS-EIGHT SIDED
CALCIUM OXALATE DIHYDRATE- ENVELOPE OR SEEN WITH AN X
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| CALCIUM CARBONATE CRYSTALS ARE CONSIDERED NORMAL IN WHAT SPECIES | HORSES
RABBITS
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| WHAT BREED OF DOG COMMNLY GETS URATE CRYSTALS AND/OR UROLITHS | DALMATIONS
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| NAME TWO POSSILBE CAUSES FOR HEMOLYSIS DURING SAMPLE COLLECTION/HANDLING | USING A MOIST SYRINGE
SHAKING THE VIAL INSTEAD OF ROCKING
FORCING THE BLOOD THROUGH THE NEEDLE WHEN TRANSFERRING
FREEZING
EXCESS ALCOHOL ON THE SKIN
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| WHAT TWO COMPONETS MAKE UP THE TOTAL PROTEIN | ALBUMIN
GLOBULIN
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| NAME ONE VALUE THAT DECREASES WITH DAMAGE TO THE LIVE/DEATH OF HEPATOCYTES | ALT;
AST;
SDH;
GLDH
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| NAME TWO TESTS THAT INDICATE HOW WELL THE LIVER IS FUNCTIONING | BILIRUBIN;
BILE ACIDS;
CHOLESTEROL
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| WHAT IS BUN (WHAT DOES IT STAND FOR) | BLOOD UREA NITROGEN
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| WHAT VALUE IS THE BEST INDICATOR OF RENAL DISEASE PROGRESSION OVER TIME | CREATININE
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| THE FLUID PORTION OF THE BLOOD THAT CONTAINS FIBRINOGEN IS: | PLASMA
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| SERUM THAT APPEARS RED AFTER CENTRIFUGATION IS DESCRIBED AS: | HEMOLYZED
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| SERUM THAT APPEARS YELLOW AFTER CENTRIFUGATION IS DESCRIBED AS: | ICTERIC
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| THE A/G RATION REFERS TO: | ALBUMIN/GLOBULIN
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| THE ENZYME THAT IS FOUND BOTH FREE IN THE CYTOPLASM AND BOUND TO THE MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE AND THAT MAY BE ELEVATED WITH LIVER DISEASE OR MUSCLE INJURY IS: | AST
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| WHAT COMPONENT IS ASSAYED TO DETERMINE THE CAUSE OF JAUNDICE, TO EVALUATE LIVER FUNCTION, AND TO CHECK THAT PATENCY OF BILE DUCTS | BILIRUBIN
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| IN ADULT ANIMALS, NEARLY ALL CIRCULATING ALKALINE PHOSPHATE COMES FROM THE | LIVER
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| THE MOST COMMONLY USED TESTS OF THE KIDNEY FUNCTION IN DOGS ARE | BUN AND CREATININE
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| DEHYDRATION USUALLY RESULTS IN | AZOTEMIA
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| WHOLE BLOOD CONTAINS THE PROTEIN___________THAT IS NOT FOUND IN SERUM | FIBRINOGEN
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| SERUM CREATININE LEVELS ARE INFLUENCED BY | HOW WELL THE GLOMERULI ARE FILTERING
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| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING LIVER ENZYME TESTS IS CONSIDERED A SPECIFIC TEST FOR LIVER DISEASE IN DOGS, CATS AND PRIMATES ONLY? | ALT
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| WHICH KIDNEY VALUE IS MOST USEFUL IN DETERMINING TRUE DAMAGE OR FAILURE | CREATININE
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| DECREASE IN ALBUMIN MAY OCCUR IN: | CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
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| WHEN EVALUATING THE LIVER OF DOGS AND CATS, AST SHOULD BE ELEVATED IN CONJUNCTION WITH: | ALT
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| WHAT SERUM COMPONENT CAN BE USED AS A SCREENING TEST FOR HYPOTHYROIDISM | CHOLESTEROL
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| ALT IS ALSO KNOWN AS | SGPT
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| ALT IS: | ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE
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| ALB IS: | ALBUMIN
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| AST IS: | ASPARATATE AMINOTRANSFERASE
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| BIL IS: | BILIRUBIN
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| GLB IS: | GLOBULIN
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| SGOT IS | SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSMINASE
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| SGPT IS | SERUM GLUTAMIC PYTUVIC TRANSMINASE
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| CREA IS | CREATININE
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| IPHOS IS | INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS
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| AMY IS | AMYLASE
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| LIP IS | LIPASE
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| CAL IS | CALCIUM
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| CHO IS | CHOLESTEROL
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| CK IS | CREATINE KINASE
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| NA+ IS | SODIUM
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| K+ IS | POTASSIUM
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| CL- IS | CHLORIDE
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| HCO3- IS | BICARBONATE
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| WHAT DOES A BUN TEST DO | MEASURES ABILITY OF THE KIDNEY TO FILTER NITROGENOUS WASTE FROM THE BLOOD
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| WHAT DOES A ELEVATED BUN INDICATE | HIGH PROTEIN;
KIDNEY DISEASE;
DEHYDRATION;
LOWER URINARY TRACT OBSTRUCTION
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| WHAT DOES A DECREASED BUN INDICATE | SEVERE LIVER DISEASE
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| WHAT DOES ELEVATED CREATININE INDICATE | KIDNEY OBSTRUCTIN;
OTHER DISEASES
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| WHAT DOES INCREASED CK INDICATE | MUSCLE DAMAGE
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| ORDER OF BLOOD DRAW IN TUBES | CITRATES-BLUE;
PLAIN RED TOP;
TIGER TOP-SERUM SEPERATOR;
GREEN-HEPERIN;
PURPLE- EDTA;
GRAY POTASSIUM OXILATE OR SODIUM FLUORIDE
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| WHAT DOES BELOW NORMAL RESULTS ON A PCV INDICATE | ANEMIA;
INADEQUATE VOLUME OF BLOOD TO ANTICOAGULANT RATIO
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| WHAT DOES ABOVE NORMAL RESULTS ON A PCV INDICATE | POLYCYTHEMIA;
DEHYDRATED
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| OXYHEMOGLOBIN: | OXYGEN REPLACES CO2 IN RESPIRATION
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|
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| METHEMOGLOBIN: | OCCURS NATURALLY
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|
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| SULFHEMOGLOBIN | RESULTS FROM CELLS AGING
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|
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| URINE BROWN IN COLOR INDICATE | PRESENCE OF MYOGLOBIN
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|
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| URINE RED OR REDDISH-BROWN IN COLOR INDICATE | PRESENCE OF RBCS;
PRESENCE OF HEMOGLOBIN
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|
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| URINE YELLOW-BROWN OR GREEN COLOR INDICATE | CONTAINS BILE PIGMENTS
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|
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| DESCRIBE HYALINE CASTS | CLEAR, COLORLESS, COMPOSED MOSTLY OF PROTEINS, CYLINDRICAL, PARALLEL SIDES AND ROUNDED ENDS
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|
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| INCREASED HYALINE CASTS INDICATE | FEVER, POOR RENAL FUSION
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|
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| DESCRIBE HYALINE CASTS | HYALINE CASTS WITH GRANULES; MOST COMMONLY SEEN
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|
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| DESCRIBE EPITHELIAL CASTS | CONSIST OF EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM THE RENAL TUBULES EMBEDDED IN THE HYALINE MATRIX
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|
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| DESCRIBE ERYTHROCYTE CASTS | DEEP YELLOW TO ORANGE, CONTAIN RBCS
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|
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| DESCRIBE WAXY CASTS | WIDER WITH SQUARE ENDS, DULL, HOMOGENOUS WAXY APPEARANCE
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|
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| DESRCIBE FATTY CASTS | CONTAIN DROPLETS OF FAT
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|
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| DESCIRBE DIHYDRATE CRYSTALS | SMALL SQUARES WITH AN X- LOOKS LIKE AN ENVELOPE
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|
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| DESCRIBE MONOHYDRATE CRYSTALS | SMALL, DUMBBELL SHAPED OR PICKET FENCE
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|
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| DESCRIBE URIC ACID CRYSTALS | A VARIETY OF SHAPES USUALLY DIAMOND OR RHOMBOID, YELLOW OR BROWN COLOR-COMMON IN DALMATIONS
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|
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| AMORPHOUS URATES | ACIDIC URINE
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|
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| AMORPHOUS PHOSPHATES | ALKALINE URINE
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|
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| PEARSONEMA PLICA | BLADDER WORM
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|
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| DICTOPHYMA RENALE | KIDNEY WORM OF DOGS
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|
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| MICROFILARIA IMMITIS | ADULT HEARTWORMS
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|
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| WHAT IS LIPURIA | FAT IN URINE
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|
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| WHATS DOES AMYLASE DO | BREAKS DOWN SUGARS AND CARBS
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|
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| WHAT DOES LIPASE DO | BREAKS DOWN FATTY CHAINS
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|
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| WHAT IS TRYPSIN | PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME
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|
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| NAME 3 ENDOCRINE PANCREAS TESTS | GLUCOSE;
FRUCTOSAMINE;
GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN
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|
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| WHAT IS MADE AND USED AS AN ALTERNATE ENERGY TO GLUCOSE | KEYTONES
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|
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| WHAT IS THE ANTICOAGULANT OF CHOICE | SODIUM FLUORIDE
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|
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| THE PANCREAS HAS WHAT TWO FUNCTIONS | ACINAR AND ENDOCRINE
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|
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| WHAT ARE TWO ACINAR FUNCTIONS | AMYLASE AND LIPASE
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|
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| WHAT TWO SYSTEMS WORK TOGETHER TO REGULATE PH IN ACID-BASE IMBALANCE | REPIRATORY AND RENAL
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|
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| NAME MAJOR ELECTROLYTE CATIONS IN PLASMA | SODIUM;
POTASSIUM;
CALCIUM;
MAGNESIUM;
HYDROGEN
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|
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| HYPERNATREMIA | ELEVATED SODIUM LEVELS
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|
||||
| HYPONATREMIA | DECREASED SODIUM LEVELS
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|
||||
| HYPERCHLOREMIA | ELEVATED CHLORIDE LEVELS
🗑
|
||||
| HYPOCHLOREMIA | DECREASED CHLORIDE LEVELS
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|
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