Chapter 22 French Revolution and Napoleon
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| show | The First Estate was clergy, the Second was nobles, and the Third was peasants, townspeople, and the bourgeoisie.
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| show | The French Revolution’s immediate cause was the near collapse of the French budget and the resulting food shortages and unemployment.
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| show | The Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly when Louis XVI refused to change the voting structure in the Estates-General.
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| show | Parisian rebels attacked the Bastille, a prison and an armory. After intense fighting, the warden surrendered.
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| What was the Great Fear? | show 🗑
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| show | The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen guaranteed basic liberties.
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| show | They wanted to change the old order, bring the Church under control of the state, and get money by selling off Church lands.
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| How did the actions of the Paris Commune move the French Revolution to a more radical stage? | show 🗑
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| show | They were Paris Commune members who wore long pants to identify themselves as ordinary people, not nobles
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| show | the budget crisis, food shortages, and unemployment; the social inequality of the three estates and growing peasant resentment of the lavish lifestyles of the nobility; Louis XVI’s reluctance to reform the Estates-General.
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| The convention of 1792 abolished the _______________ and established a _______________. | show 🗑
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| Many members of the Mountain belonged to the _______________ club and believed the king should be _______________. | show 🗑
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| The National Convention, fearing domestic uprisings and external threats, gave broad powers to the Committee of Public _______________. | show 🗑
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| The Committee, dominated by Maximilien _______________, controlled the government and adopted strict policies. | show 🗑
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| show | 40,000
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| Robespierre called his new order of good citizens the Republic of _______________. | show 🗑
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| show | de-Christianization, calendar
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| show | army
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| show | Rhine, Austrian
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| Members of the National Convention feared becoming the next victims of _______________ and voted to condemn him. | show 🗑
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| The _______________ of 1795 set up a government with two legislative houses whose members were chosen by _______________. | show 🗑
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| show | corruption, military
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| show | coup d’état, Napoleon
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| What were the major events of the French Revolution, and how did each affect the Revolution’s outcome? PART 1 | show 🗑
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| show | the following brutal Reign of Terror led to increased public fear and a growing army, and, eventually, fear led to Robespierre’s death, then moderates drafted a constitution that created the Directory.
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| Napoleon’s failed invasion of _______________ led other _______________ states to attack the weakened French army. | show 🗑
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| Napoleon was exiled to _______________, and _______________ became king. | show 🗑
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| show | Austria, Prussia (either order)
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| show | Waterloo, Prussian
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| At the Congress of _______________ in 1814, European powers rearranged territories to form a new balance of _______________ so that no one country could dominate. | show 🗑
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| Prince von _______________ wanted lawful monarchs who had ruled before Napoleon to be restored to power. | show 🗑
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| show | Conservatism, authority
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| show | intervention
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| Growing out of the _______________, the political philosophy of _______________ emphasized the protection of civil liberties. | show 🗑
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| After the French Revolution, people began to feel that their chief loyalty was to their _______________, not their king or town. | show 🗑
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| show | Nationalists
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| show | Napoleon’s defeat in Russia and the alliance of Russia, Great Britain, Austria, and Prussia;
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| Why did Napoleon fall from power, and how did Europe respond to his defeat? PART 2 | show 🗑
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| Why did Napoleon fall from power, and how did Europe respond to his defeat? PART 1 | show 🗑
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| show | Europe’s response, including the Congress of Vienna, the philosophy of conservatism, the formation of a new balance of power, the principle of intervention, and the rise of liberalism and nationalism.
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| What was the result of the military campaigns Napoleon led in Italy? | show 🗑
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| show | Napoleon appointed himself Emperor Napoleon I.
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| Why did Napoleon make peace with the Catholic Church? | show 🗑
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| How did Napoleon codify French laws? | show 🗑
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| How did Napoleon change the bureaucracy? | show 🗑
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| What were the parts of the Grand Empire? | show 🗑
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| show | Dependent states like Spain were ruled by Napoleon’s relatives. Allied states like Prussia were defeated by Napoleon.
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| show | Britain’s ability to resist Napoleon and the rise of nationalism in the peoples he conquered were two important causes of the empire’s collapse.
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| How did Napoleon rise to power, and what were the effects of his rule? Part 1 | show 🗑
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| show | the Grand Empire; rise of nationalism; preservation of some reforms of the French Revolution; development of a liberal tradition in countries within his empire.
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| show | Russia, European
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| show | Elba, Louis XVIII
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| show | Austria, Prussia (either order)
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| show | Waterloo, Prussian
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| At the Congress of _______________ in 1814, European powers rearranged territories to form a new balance of _______________ so that no one country could dominate. | show 🗑
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| Prince von _______________ wanted lawful monarchs who had ruled before Napoleon to be restored to power. | show 🗑
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| show | Conservatism, authority
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| The great powers eventually adopted a principle of _______________; troops were sent in to crush revolutions in Spain and Italy. | show 🗑
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| show | Enlightenment, liberalism
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| After the French Revolution, people began to feel that their chief loyalty was to their _______________, not their king or town. | show 🗑
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| _______________ and liberals agreed that each group of people should have its own state and its own government. | show 🗑
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| Why did Napoleon fall from power, and how did Europe respond to his defeat? PART 1 | show 🗑
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| Why did Napoleon fall from power, and how did Europe respond to his defeat? PART 2 | show 🗑
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