Cardiology
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| Firstline tx in HTN: MOA (eg, diuretics, BB) | show 🗑
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| Most potent type of diuretics & MOA = | show 🗑
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| Thiazide diuretics MOA = | show 🗑
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| show | Volume depletion, low K+ & Na, hyperglycemia / insulin resistance; hyperuricemia/gout, photosensitivity, decreased placental flow. May increase serum cholesterol & digoxin
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| show | Controlled, gradual lowering of BP; 10% decrease in first hour, then 15% over next 3–12 hrs to BP of no less than 160/110; rapid correction of BP to normal levels puts pt at high risk for worsening cerebral, renal or cardiac ischemia
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| show | HTN is reversible if cause is eliminated (ie, pituitary adenoma, corticosteroid Rx)
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| Beta blocker: MOA | show 🗑
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| ACEI AEs | show 🗑
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| ARBs: MOA | show 🗑
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| ARBs AEs | show 🗑
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| show | Inhibit Ca+ influx -> block vascular smooth mx contractility -> vasodilatation & afterload reduction (aoso preload). Also coronary vasodilatation: CCBs are used in coronary artery spasm (Prinzmetal, Raynaud)
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| show | DHPs more vascular selective (fewer cardiac conduction fx): tx HTN/angina. NonDHPs more cardio-selective with more inhibitory fx on SA/AV node (CAUTION in CHF)
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| DHP CCBs (amlodipine, nifedipine): AEs | show 🗑
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| Non-DHP CCBs (diltiazem, verapamil): AEs | show 🗑
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| HTN lifestyle mods | show 🗑
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| show | at most 20/10 mm Hg (so most pts on more than 1 drug)
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| show | (a) tachycardia; (b) bronchodilation
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| show | Inderal (propranolol) and atenolol
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| show | nadolol
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| BBs are contraindicated in: | show 🗑
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| CCBs are contraindicated in: | show 🗑
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| First Line Tx for HTN | show 🗑
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| show | Inhibit ACE in lung -> block formation of angiotensin II -> increased vasodilatation and Na+ loss
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| show | lower blood renin levels
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| Rx of choice for DM nephropathy | show 🗑
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| show | central and peripheral
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| show | prevent adrenergic outflow from the brain, by stimulating inhibitory alpha-2 receptors (eg, clonidine)
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| Peripheral presynaptic adrenergic release inhibitors (anti-adrenergic meds) MOA | show 🗑
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| show | rebound HTN
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| show | 1st: methyldopa (Aldomet). 2nd: hydralazine
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| Secondary indications of anti-adrenergic meds | show 🗑
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| Nitrates MOA | show 🗑
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| Nitrates AEs | show 🗑
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| show | Firstline: ACEI, ARB, CCB, thiazide diuretics
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| show | CCBs and thiazide diuretics
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| show | ACEI or ARB
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| show | nitroprusside (CI in PG) or labetolol; to 110 over several hours
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| HTN Compelling Indications: CHF | show 🗑
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| show | Beta; ACEI; CCB; Diuretic
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| HTN Compelling Indications: Post-MI | show 🗑
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| HTN Compelling Indications: DM | show 🗑
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| show | ACEI; Diuretic
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| JNC 8: in patients >60, start tx at: | show 🗑
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| JNC 8: in patients <60, start tx at: | show 🗑
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| show | 1) HCTZ; 2) Atenolol; 3) captopril or verapamil
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| show | 1 ACE; 2 BB (atenolol) or verapamil or HCTZ; 3 clonidine
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| Tx for BPH | show 🗑
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| Tx for migraine (w/HTN meds): | show 🗑
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| show | HCTZ
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| show | Atenolol
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| show | 1 Methyldopa; 2 hydralazine
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| show | Renal US
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| show | BB
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| show | ARB
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| show | ARB
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| HTN tx if BP >20/10 over goal: | show 🗑
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Created by:
Abarnard
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