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Cards HTN Tx Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
Pt just started on ACEI develops weakness. What test (lab, UA, CT, US) is most specific to dx pt?
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2.
Tx for migraine (w/HTN meds):
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3.
CCBs: MOA
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4.
Beta blocker: MOA
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5.
HTN Compelling Indications: DM
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6.
CCBs: Dihydropyridines (DHPs) vs nonDHPs
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7.
Peripheral presynaptic adrenergic release inhibitors (anti-adrenergic meds) MOA
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8.
Most single HTN meds lower BP:
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9.
BBs are contraindicated in:
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10.
JNC8: tx of uncomplicated HTN for most (non-AA) patients
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11.
JNC 8: essential HTN tx for AA patients
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12.
JNC 8: in patients <60, start tx at:
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13.
HTN Compelling Indications: Post-MI
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14.
Alternate to ACEI if CHF or other intolerance
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15.
Most potent type of diuretics & MOA =
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16.
Non-DHP CCBs (diltiazem, verapamil): AEs
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17.
HTN Tx in CVD
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18.
Thiazide diuretics AEs =
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19.
ARBs AEs
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20.
Sudden DC of anti-adrenergic meds can cause:
A.
Blockade of parts of the sympathetic NS (reduce PVR); Lowers HR; Initially lowers cardiac output; Reduces circulating renin
B.
1 atenolol; 2 verapamil
C.
CCBs and thiazide diuretics
D.
1 ACEI; 2 Beta (for DM2); 3 Verapamil or clonidine
E.
DHPs more vascular selective (fewer cardiac conduction fx): tx HTN/angina. NonDHPs more cardio-selective with more inhibitory fx on SA/AV node (CAUTION in CHF)
F.
any resp dz (asthma, COPD, DF); type 1 DM. Also pt may have W/D and increase in CP (2/2 CAD) bc of increased HR & thus increasing O2 demand
G.
prevent norepinephrine release from peripheral nerve terminals (eg, in heart) -> block alpha-1 receptors (eg, prazosin)
H.
Firstline: ACEI, ARB, CCB, thiazide diuretics
I.
BB
J.
Hyperkalemia; Angioedema (rare, 10% cross-over); CI in PG; Cautious use in RAS
K.
ARB
L.
Renal US
M.
at most 20/10 mm Hg (so most pts on more than 1 drug)
N.
140/90 (same used in pts >18 yo with either CKD or DM)
O.
1 Beta; 2 ACEI; CCB
P.
loop (furosemide): inhibit Cl reabsorption in TAL -> Na follows Cl and H2) follows Na&Cl. Results in high K+ losses.
Q.
Inhibit Ca+ influx -> block vascular smooth mx contractility -> vasodilatation & afterload reduction (aoso preload). Also coronary vasodilatation: CCBs are used in coronary artery spasm (Prinzmetal, Raynaud)
R.
Bradycardia, constipation, hotn, edema, CHF, AV node block
S.
rebound HTN
T.
Volume depletion, low K+ & Na, hyperglycemia / insulin resistance; hyperuricemia/gout, photosensitivity, decreased placental flow. May increase serum cholesterol & digoxin
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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21.
Tx for pre-op HTN
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22.
HTN tx if BP >20/10 over goal:
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23.
For pts with DM regardless of race), HTN tx should include:
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24.
HTN Compelling Indications: Recurrent Stroke Prevention
Type the Question that corresponds to the displayed Answer.
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25.
Cough; Angioedema; Hyperkalemia & hyponatremia (2/2 low aldosterone); Rash. CI in pregnancy, and use cautiously in renal artery stenosis (RAS)
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26.
hotn, rebound tachycardia, facial flushing, HA
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27.
Wt reduction (BMI 18.5 - 25) (biggest fx on bp); ETOH; aerobic activity 30 min; Na+ to 2.4 mg/day; K+; DASH diet
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28.
nitroprusside (CI in PG) or labetolol; to 110 over several hours
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29.
Act to block Angiotensin II from binding points; same effect as ACEI, without some of the AEs
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30.
Inhibit ACE in lung -> block formation of angiotensin II -> increased vasodilatation and Na+ loss

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