Joints
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| show | Bony, Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial
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| show | Immovable joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and become one.
Example: Infants are born w/ a RT and LT frontal bone-which fuses together to form one frontal bone.
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| show | Bones are joined by fibrous tissues. No joint cavity is present. The amount of movement depends on the on the length of the fibers uniting the bones.
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| show | Sutures, Gomphoses, and Syndesmoses
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| What is a suture? Example? | show 🗑
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| show | Fibers are short and allow little movement.
Example: Between tooth and bone(maxilla or mandible)
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| show | Fibers are longer and the attached bones are more movable.
Example: Between the tibia/fibula and ulna/radius
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| show | When the articulating bone ends are connected by a plate or pad of cartilage.
Types: Synchondroses and Symphyses
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| What is Synchondroses? Example? | show 🗑
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| What is Symphyses? Example? | show 🗑
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| What is a Synovial Joint? | show 🗑
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| What are the two types of 'pads' found in synovial joints? Give example for each. | show 🗑
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| What are the functions of the Articular Discs and Meniscus Pads within the Synovial joints? | show 🗑
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| What is a tendon? | show 🗑
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| show | Tough dense regular collagenous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone.
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| show | Fibrous sac of synovial fluid located between two muscles/or where tendons pass over bone.
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| show | 1. cushions muscle
2. helps tendons slide easily over joints(tendon sheaths)
3. can improve mechanical effect(s) of muscle.
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| show | Moves only in one plane(Monoaxial)
Example: Humeroulnar=Flexion & Extension
(can only bend in 1 direction)
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| Synovial Joint: Define 'Gliding' and Example | show 🗑
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| show | (Monoaxial joint) An example of this type of joint is the articulation between the atlas and axis (C1 and C2), which allows the head to rotate from side to side (in the "no" motion). C1 & C2 rotation
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| show | Articular biaxial surface is shaped like a saddle. Example: carpalmetacarpal of thumb(CMC of thumb)
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| Synovial Joint: 'Condyloid/ or Ellipsoid and Example | show 🗑
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| Synovial Joint: 'Ball and Socket' and Example | show 🗑
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| Flexion and Extension/ Anatomical Position / and Example | show 🗑
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| Abduction and Adduction/ Anatomical Position/ and Example | show 🗑
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| show | Lateral Rotation: External Rotation
Medial Rotation: Internal Rotation
Position: Transverse Plane
Example: Hip and Glenohumeral Joint
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| Supination and Pronation/ Anatomical Position/ and Example | show 🗑
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| show | Dorsiflexion: Toes flexed towards knees
Plantarflexion: Toes pointed down
Position: Sagittal Plane
Example: Talocrural Joint
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| Inversion and Eversion/ Anatomical Position/ and Example | show 🗑
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| show | Elevation: Arms up-pushes scapula up
Depression: Arms Down
Position: Frontal Plane
Example: Scapulothoracic Joint
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| show | Protraction: Closer to vertebral column
Retraction: Away from vertebral column
Position: Frontal plane
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| Upward/Lateral Rotation and Downward/Medial Rotation- Anatomical Position/ and Example | show 🗑
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