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Ch.18 LTI-MA 509

MAJOR ENDOCRINE GLANDS & HORMONES

QuestionAnswer
adrenal cortex outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones.
adrenal medulla inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
ovaries located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion.
pancreas locted in the lower abdomen of a femlae; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion.
parathyroid glands four small glands on the posterior of the throid gland. Some patients may have 3 or 5 parathyroid glands.
pituitary gland(hypophysis) located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica composed of an anterior lobe(adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe(neurohypophysis. It weighs only 1/16th of an ounce and is a half inch across.
testes two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion.
thyroid gland located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes throxine.
adrenaline secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and bolld pressure.
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland(adenohypophysis); also called adrenocortictropin. Stimulates the adrenal cortex.
aldosterone secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption.
androgen male hormone screted by the testes and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex; testosterone is an example.
antidiuretic hormone(ADH)vasopressin secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland(neurohypophysis). increases reabsorption of water by the kidney.
calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels.
cortisol secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. it is secreted in times of stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
epinephrine(adrenaline) secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure and dilates airways(sympathomimetic) it is part of the body's fight or flight reaction.
estradiol estrogen(female hormone) sereted by the ovaries.
estrogen female hormone secreted by the ovaries and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex.
follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries and sperm production by the testes.
glucagon secreted by alpha islet cells of the pancreas;increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen to glucose.
growth hormone(GH) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues.
insulin secreted by beta islet cells of the pancreas. insulin lowers blood sugar by transport and conversion of glucose to glycogen.
luteinizing hormone(LH) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males.
norepinephrine secreted by the adrenal medulla;increases heart rate and blood pressure. nor-in chemistry means a parent compound from which an other is derived.
oxytocin secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor and childbirth.
parathormone(PTH) secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium.
progesterone secreted by the ovaries; prepares the uterus for pregnancy.
prolactin(PRL) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, promotes milk secretion
somatotropin(STH) secreted by anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; groth hormone.
testosterone male hormone secreted by the testes.
thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. acts on the thyroid gland to promote its functioning.
thyroxine(T4) secreted by the thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells
triiodothyronine(T3) secreted by the thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells
Created by: jasra
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