Anthropology Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Cultural Anthropology | The study of all aspects of human behavior
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| Anthropology | The study of humankind
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| Archaeology | The study of earlier cultures through the recovery, analysis, and interpretations of material remains
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| Physical Anthropology | The study of human biology within an evolutionary framework
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| Paleopathology | The study of bones that show evidence of trauma, infectious diseases, nutrition deficiencies, or other conditions
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| Anthropometry | The measurement of human body parts
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| Forensic Anthropology | Anthropological and osteological studies for legal issues
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| Cultural Relativism | View that no culture is superior to another. All views are equal and valid.
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| Ethnography | The study of a certain culture
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| Ethnology | The comparative study of different cultures
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| Culture | The strategy by which humans adapt to the natural environment
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| John Ray | Coined the phrase "species"
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| Thomas Malthus | Argued that population sizes will grow exponentially while food supplies remain relatively stable
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| Alfred Russel Wallace | Discovered the theory of natural selection behind Darwin
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| Jean-Baptist Lamarck | Argued that environmental change would cause a species to physically change based on its new activity
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| Charles Lyell | The founder of modern geology and uniformitarianism (the idea that geological processes observed in the present are the same as those in the past)
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| Carolus Linnaeus | Developed a classification of plants and animals known as the Systems of Nature
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| George Cuvier | Argued that increased complexity of species was the result of regional catastrophism over time and the concept of extincition
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| William Paley | Argued the eye was too complex and must have had a designer. Proponent of Intelligent Design
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| Cells | The basic units of life for all organisms
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| Eukaryotic Cells | Have a membrane bound nucleus and distinct organelles
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| Somatic Cells | Cellular components of body tissues
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| Homologous Chromosomes | Pairs of chromosomes that carry genetic information influencing the same trait
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| Mitosis | Occurs in somatic cells. Result is a genetically identical daughter cell with the diploid number of chromosomes
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| Meiosis | Occurs in gametes. The result is four daughter cells, each with the haploid number of chromosomes
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| Principle of Segregation | During meiosis, homologous chromosomes and alleles split apart into gametes
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| Polygenic Traits | Traits influenced by more than two alleles
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| Modern Synthesis | The comprehensive theory of evolution that incorporates two processes: mutation and natural selection
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| Recombination | The reshuffling of genes in the offspring every generation as a result of sexual reproduction
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| Genetic Drift | Caused by random alterations of allele frequencies in populations, tied to population size.
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| Gene Flow | The exchange of genes between populations
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| Locus | specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome
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| Alleles | any of several forms of a gene
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| Biological Determinism | Says there is an association between physical characteristics and such attributes of intelligence, morals, values, abilities, and social status
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| Polytypic | Composed of local populations that differ in the expression of one or more traits
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| Polymorphisms | Locus that governs has two or more alleles. Essential to the study of evolutionary processes
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| Cline | Geographical distribution of a polymorphic trait
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| Population genetics | study of the frequency of alleles, genotypes, phenotypes in populations from a microevolutionary perspective
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