Classification of Feeds and Ruminants v. Monogastrics
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| RUMINANT--- | NO upper front teeth & they are cud chewers
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| Mouth | NO chemical breakdown
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| Esophagus | moves food to the stomach
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| Reticulum | catches heavy objects
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| Rumen | Feed is mixed, soaked & fermented by bacteria
Lined with papillae
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| by products made in the rumen? | methane and carbon dioxide
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| In the rumen.... | nutrient absorption takes place & bacteria can turn nitrogen into protein
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| Omasum | grinds food using blunt, muscular papillae
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| Abomasum | functions like the monogastrics stomach--Chemical breakdown
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| CLASSIFICATION OF FEEDS ------Roughages? | feeds with more than 18% crude fiber
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| What are the two types of roughages? | Legumes & nonlegumes
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| What are legumes? | Plants that can use nitrogen gas from the air**Higher in protein**
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| What are no nonlegumes? | PLants that cant use nitrogen gas from the air **LOwer in protein**
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| Concentrate ? | less than 18% crude fiber
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| What are the two types of concentrates? | protein supplements and energy supplements
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| protein supplements? | 20% or more crude protein
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| plant protein? | is by products which are soybean mill, cotton seed mill, citrus pulp & distillers/brewers grain
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| animal protein? | meat scraps, bone meal & blood meal
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| Energy Supplement | less than 20% protein. some energy supplements are grains which are grains--corn,wheat
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| MONOGASTRIC--- | animal with a one compartment stomach
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| Mouth--Physical breakdown |
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| Saliva | moistens food
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| Mucin | lubricates
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| Mouth--Chemical breakdown |
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| Amylase | buffers acid and starts carb breakdown
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| Esophagus | moves food to the stomach
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| STOMACH---- | has physical and chemical breakdown
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| HCI | hydrochloric acid
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| Pepsin | breaks proteins into amino acids
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| Gastric Lipase | converts fats into fatty acid
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| rennin | curdles milk
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| Small intestine--3 Parts | duodenum, Pancreas-enzymes create more chemical breakdown, jejenum & illeum
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| Small intestine | -nutrient absorbtion : diffusion & villi
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| Large Intestine--3 Parts | cecum- horses use to digest grass/hay
colon- storage area & removes moisture
Rectum- dumps the remains
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