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Animal Science

Classification of Feeds and Ruminants v. Monogastrics

TermDefinition
RUMINANT--- NO upper front teeth & they are cud chewers
Mouth NO chemical breakdown
Esophagus moves food to the stomach
Reticulum catches heavy objects
Rumen Feed is mixed, soaked & fermented by bacteria Lined with papillae
by products made in the rumen? methane and carbon dioxide
In the rumen.... nutrient absorption takes place & bacteria can turn nitrogen into protein
Omasum grinds food using blunt, muscular papillae
Abomasum functions like the monogastrics stomach--Chemical breakdown
CLASSIFICATION OF FEEDS ------Roughages? feeds with more than 18% crude fiber
What are the two types of roughages? Legumes & nonlegumes
What are legumes? Plants that can use nitrogen gas from the air**Higher in protein**
What are no nonlegumes? PLants that cant use nitrogen gas from the air **LOwer in protein**
Concentrate ? less than 18% crude fiber
What are the two types of concentrates? protein supplements and energy supplements
protein supplements? 20% or more crude protein
plant protein? is by products which are soybean mill, cotton seed mill, citrus pulp & distillers/brewers grain
animal protein? meat scraps, bone meal & blood meal
Energy Supplement less than 20% protein. some energy supplements are grains which are grains--corn,wheat
MONOGASTRIC--- animal with a one compartment stomach
Mouth--Physical breakdown
Saliva moistens food
Mucin lubricates
Mouth--Chemical breakdown
Amylase buffers acid and starts carb breakdown
Esophagus moves food to the stomach
STOMACH---- has physical and chemical breakdown
HCI hydrochloric acid
Pepsin breaks proteins into amino acids
Gastric Lipase converts fats into fatty acid
rennin curdles milk
Small intestine--3 Parts duodenum, Pancreas-enzymes create more chemical breakdown, jejenum & illeum
Small intestine -nutrient absorbtion : diffusion & villi
Large Intestine--3 Parts cecum- horses use to digest grass/hay colon- storage area & removes moisture Rectum- dumps the remains
Created by: 100001972748939
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