Basic Exercise Science
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| show | The nervous, skeletal and muscular systems, also called the kenetic chain.
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| show | Brain and the spinal cord
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| show | sensory, integrative, and motor functions
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| show | Sensory Function of the nervous system
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| What is the ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which produces the appropriate response? | show 🗑
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| show | Motor Function
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| show | Propriocception
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| What is the functional unit of the nervous system? | show 🗑
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| show | brain, spinal cord, and peripheral ganglia.
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| What 3 main parts are neurons? | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 main classifications on nuerons? | show 🗑
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| show | Afferent or Sensory Nuerons
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| Which nuerons transmit nerve impulses from one nueron to another? | show 🗑
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| Which nuerons transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the effector sites such as muscles and glands? | show 🗑
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| show | Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
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| show | Central nervous system
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| The cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body are called the | show 🗑
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| What is the somatic nervous system? | show 🗑
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| show | neural input to the involuntary systems of the body (heart, glands, digestive)
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| show | Mechanoreceptors, Chemorecepters, nocicepters, and photoreceptors
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| show | Mechanoreceptors
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| Which receptors respond to pain? | show 🗑
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| Which receptors respond to smell and taste? | show 🗑
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| show | photoreceptors
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| show | muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joint capsules and include muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs and joint receptors
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| show | muscle spindles - stretch
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| show | Golgi Tendon Organs
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| show | Golgi Tendon Organ
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| What are located in and around the joint capsule, and respond to pressure, acceleration and deceleration of the joint? | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal system
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| what provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs? | show 🗑
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| show | Joints
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| show | Axial Skeleton
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| Appendicular Skeleton | show 🗑
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| show | A type of cell that is responsible for bone formation.
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| What are osteoclasts? | show 🗑
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| show | Remodeling
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| How many bones are in the axial skeleton? | show 🗑
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| How many bones are in the appendicular? | show 🗑
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| show | levers and support
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| show | long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
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| What are two examples of long bones? | show 🗑
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| What are two examples of short bones? | show 🗑
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| show | scapulae, sternum, ribs, illium, cranial - (thin, protective)- protection of internal structures
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| show | Patella - small often round bones embedded in a joint capsule or found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint.
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| show | Vertebrae, pelvic bones - Unique shape and function-
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| What is the end of a long bone which is mainly composed of cancellous bone, and house much of the red marrow involved in red blood cell production. A primary cite for bone growth. | show 🗑
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| What is the shaft portion of a long bone? | show 🗑
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| What is the region of long bone connecting the diaphysis to the epiphysis. It is a layer of subdividing cartilaginous cells in which growth in length of the dialysis occurs. | show 🗑
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| What is the dense membrane composes of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps all bone, except that of the articulating surfaces in joints, which are covered by a synovial membrane. | show 🗑
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| show | Medullar Cavity
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| show | Articular Cartilage
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| What is the flattened or indented portions of bone which can be muscle attachment sites? | show 🗑
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| show | processes, condyle, epicondyle, tubercle, and trochanter
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| What are the first 7 bones of the vertebral column called? | show 🗑
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| show | Thoracic Spine (T1 -12)
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| show | Lumbar spine (L1 - 5)
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| The adult human spine has 3 major curvitures which are . . | show 🗑
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| show | Joint Motion
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| What are the 3 major joint movements? | show 🗑
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| The femoral condyles moving over the tibial condyles during a squat is an example of a . . . joint. | show 🗑
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| show | slide
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| show | Spinning
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| Joints that are held together by a joint capsule and ligaments and are most associated with movement in the body are what kind of joints? | show 🗑
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| There are 5 types of synovial joints in the body which are: | show 🗑
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| show | gliding (carpels of the hand)
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| show | Condyloid joints
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| show | Hinge joint (elbow, toe, ankle)
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| Which joint is only found in the thumb? | show 🗑
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| Which plane of motion are the pivot joints? | show 🗑
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| Which joint allows movement in all three planes? | show 🗑
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| show | The skull
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| show | Ligament - very little blood supply. They do not heal well.
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| show | Ligament
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| Ligaments are made up of? | show 🗑
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| The nervous system is the control center for movement production, and the skeletal syestem provides the stuctural framework for our bodies, and the ____________ system is what moves the body. | show 🗑
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| What is the series of muscles that moves the skeleton? | show 🗑
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| show | Cardiac, Skeletal and smooth
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| show | Muscle
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| What is the layer of connective tissue that is underneath the fascia and surrounds the muscle? | show 🗑
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| What is the connective tissue that surrounds the fascicles? | show 🗑
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| show | Endomysium
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| What are the structures that attach muscle to bone and provide an anchor for muscles to produce force? | show 🗑
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| show | Sarcomere
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| A muscle fiber is a like a lasagna in that it is layered with thin and thick filaments. The thin are called? and the thick are called? | show 🗑
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| What is a contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation? | show 🗑
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| What are the two structures that are important to contraction? | show 🗑
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| show | Motor Unit
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| What are the chemical messengers that cross the neuromuscular junction (synapse) to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle? | show 🗑
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| show | neurotransmitter
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| show | The sliding filament theory describes how think and thin filaments within the sarcomere slide past one another, shortenting the entire length of the sarcomere and thus shortening muscle and producing force.
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| Is Muscle fiber Type I a slow or fast twitch? | show 🗑
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| show | fast
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| show | Low oxidation capacity (ability to use oxygen)
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| What kind of muscle is the prime mover? i.e. chest press (Pectoralis major), overhead press (deltoid), row Latissimus dorsi), squat (gluteus maximus) | show 🗑
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| What type of muscle assists the agonist? i.e. chest press (anterior deltoid, triceps), Overhead press (triceps), row (posterior deltoid, biceps), squat (hamstring complex) | show 🗑
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| What type of muscle stabilizes while the agonist and antagonist work? i.e. chest press (rotator cuff), overhead press (rotator cuff), row (rotator cuff), squat (transversus abdominis) | show 🗑
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| show | Antagonist
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| show | endocrine system
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| show | Hypothalmus, Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands
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| show | Pituitary Gland
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| show | Hypothalmus and Pituitary
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| Which organ controls blood glucose and produces two specific hormones insulin and glucagon? | show 🗑
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| show | small intestine
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| show | Insulin, results in a drop of blood glucose levels. Insulincauses cells in the liver, muscle, and fat to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle.
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| show | Glucagon
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| show | Epinephrine (adrenaline)
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| show | Cortisol
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| show | Pituitary Gland
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| show | Thyroid, regulated by the pituitary gland
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