Waves & Measurment - Chpt.2
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| Electrical patterns of the heart can be detected from the surface of the skin by | Attaching an electrode and connecting it to an electrocardiograph
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| An abnormal heart rhythm is called an | Arrhythmia or Dysrhythmia
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| Electrocardiography | The study of arrhythmia or dysrhythmia
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| EKG (ECG) refers to an | Electrocardiograph (EKG) machine or record
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| Electrocardiograph will display electrical patterns of the heart on a | monitor or graph paper
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| Electrical activity is displayed best if you can assure | good contact between the skin and electrode
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| Good contact between the skin and electrode can be achieved by | 1.Abrading the skin w/alcohol pad
2.Removing obstacles (dirt/hair)
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| Morphology | The study of shapes
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| The writing point on an EKG is an | Atylus
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| When the EKG is turned on (but not yet connected to the patient) it will produce a straight line called an | isoelectric line
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| An upright wave on an EKG is called | A positive
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| A downward wave onan EKG is called | A negative
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| Electricity flowing toward 'POSITIVE' electrode produce | an 'UPRIGHT' pattern
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| Electricity flowing toward 'NEGATIVE' electrode produce | an 'INVERTED' pattern
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| Different electrical views of the heart can be seen by | 1.Rearranging the electrode
2.Diverting the direction of the electrical impulse by turning a knob on the electrocardiograph
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| Each electrical view is called a | Lead
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| The most common lead used for cardiac monitoring is | Lead II
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| Vertical lines | on the EKC/ECG graph paper represent | Time
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| Horizontal lines __ on the EKG/ECG graph paper represent | Voltage / amplitude
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| Each small square on the EKG/ECG graph paper represents | 0.04 sec
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| Each dark 'block' of squares on the EKG/ECG graph paper represent | 0.20 sec = (0.04x5sq)
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| Every (3) three seconds on the EKG/ECG graph paper is represented by a | TIC mark at the top of the graph paper
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| A cardiac cycle is made up of a | PQRST
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| The first wave usually seen on a cardiac cycle is the | P wave
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| P wave represents | Atrial depolarization AKA Atrial discharge state
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| The second wave usually seen on a cardiac cycle is the | QRS Complex
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| QRS complex represents | Ventricular depolarization AKA Ventricular discharge state
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| A normal QRS complex is how long? | 0.12 sec or less (less then 3 small squares)
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| The last wave usually seen on a cardiac cycle is the | T wave
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| T wave represents | Ventricular REpolarization AKA ventricular recovery time
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| The PRI (PR interval) begins where the | P wave leaves the 'isoelectric line' and ends where the QRS complex begins
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| A normal PRI - PR interval) is how long? | 0.12 - 0.20 seconds (3-5 small squares)
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| Electrical interference sometimes seen on the EKG display is called | Artifact
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| Artifact can be caused by | 1.Muscle tremors
2.Patient movement
3.Loose electrodes
4.60 cycle interference
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| 60 cycle interference can be caused by | Electrical interference from other electrical machinery such as cellular phones, electric shavers, radio, floor buffer, video games, i-pods, etc
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