| Question | Answer |
| Equine Encephalomylitis-causes | virus
natural host are birds
vector is mosquito
3 types-eastern, western, venezuelan |
| Equine Encephalomylitis-signs, pevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs: Affects CNS
incorrdination/drowsiness/paralysis/seizures/death
prevention: yearly vx, mosquito control
Zoonotic: yes
reportable: NO |
| Equine Rhinopneumonitis-cause | virus |
| Equine Rhinopneumonitis-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | sign: flu-like symptoms, late term abortions, weak foals
Prevention: vx at 5,7,9 months of gestation |
| Equine Influenza-cause | virus-transmitted through aerosal, fomites |
| Equine Influenza-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs: fever/cough/nasal discharge/anorexia
prevention: yearly vx, isolate new horse and take temp BID for a week |
| Strangles (distemper)-cause | streptococcus equi, affects mostly young horses |
| Strangles (distemper)-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs: fever/ abscess of submandibular lymph nodes/ choking and dyspnea possible
prevention:vx-injectable, IN/sanitation/quarantine new horses
treatment: antibiotics |
| EIA-causes | causes:virus spread by horse fly/mosquitoes/needles |
| EIA-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs:fever, anemia, incoordination
prevention: coggins test |
| West Nile Virus: cause | west nile virus
natural host=birds
vector=mosquito
horse and human are an incidental infection |
| West Nile Virus: signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | Signs: vary from none to severe
mild=depressed and off feed
more severe=stumbling/incoordination/paralysis/tremors/seizures/death
treatment: symptomatic care-anti inflammatories, fluids, antibiotics
prevention:vx, mosquito control |
| Potomac Horse fever-cause | Erlichia risticii (rickettsia)
vector=river fly
seasonal infection-summer/early fall |
| Potomac horse fever-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs: ileus, profuse, projectile diarrhea, laminitis, fever, mortality=5-30%
prevention: vx |
| Equine Viral Artitis-cause | virus (damages small arteries)
spread through respiratory secreations/mating |
| Equine Viral Artitis-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs:abortion, edema, pinkeye, resp. symptoms
diagnosis: virus isolation, serology
prevention: vx |
| Equine Protozoal Myelitis-cause | Sarcocysitis neurona (one celled protozoa)
natural host=opossums
spread through feces |
| Equine Protozoal Myelitis-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | Signs: affects CNS(variable signs/intermittent lameness/choking/inability to swallow/muscle atrophy/circling/seizures
diagnostics:antibody test-does not prove
prevention: ponazuril, keep opossums away, good sanitation/vx |
| Tetanus-cause | Clostridium tetani |
| Tetanus-signs, prevention, zoonotic, reportable, treatment | signs:exaggerated reactions to noise and light, stiff muscles, ears cocked out, tail raised, muscle spasms, prolapse of nictitating membrane
prevention: vx, "toxoid"=yearly-combined with other vx, "antitoxin"=pre-formed/used after wounds/after foaling |
