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PB Lecture 2
EXAM TUESDAY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the only exception to what primates traits share? | petrosal auditory bulla |
| 4 things primates are different from mammals | 1. Skeletal features related to locomotion 2. Neural and sensory systems 3. Heterodont dentition 4. Life history characteristics (e.g. number of offspring, inter-birth interval, age at first birth, life span) |
| 3 hypothesis of adaptive significance in primate traits | 1. Aboreal 2. Visual predation 3. Angiosperm |
| 4 major characteristics of primates | 1. Locomotor 2. Neural and sensory system 3. Dentition and diet 4. Life cycle phases |
| who is the problem child? | Tarsiiformes |
| Describe locomotor of primates and what do those traits relect? | They have grasping hands and feet -nails not claws -opposable thumb/toe -pentadacytl -prehensile They have a clavicle. -should movement & arms to side Reflect aboreal environment |
| Describe Neural and sensory system and what do those traits relect? | Big brain, visual, Reduced reliance on olfaction Arboreal, visual predators of insects, many diurnal species, group-living |
| People vs Prosimians | Short rostrum, Long rostrum Plate seperating orbital from temporal fossa, No plate |
| what are the photoreceptive cells | Rod cells and cone cells |
| what are rod cells and what does it reflect | NSS: a photoreceptive cells, colorless, vision in low light Nocturnal activity pattern |
| what are cone cells and what does it reflect | NSS: color, visual accuity, RGB Dirunal |
| what is special about the brain size of primates | NSS: we have enlarged brain, frontal lobe for reasoning and cognition Human has a brain x the size in comparison to our body size |
| Describe dentition and diet of primates and what do those traits relect? | They have 4 primary teeth Generalized diet |
| what are the 4 primary teeth of primates | 1. Incisors 2. Canines 3. Premolars 4. Molars |
| what is the difference in terms of teeth of primates vs nonprimates | DD: Non-Primates (Dogs and Whales) have caniniform tooth morphology |
| What is the life cycle phases of primates like | have a slow growth rate and a long period of development |
| what are humans | anthropoids |
| what are prosimians | Lemurs of Madagascar Galagos (bushbabies) Africa Lorises of Asia & SE Asia Tarsiers of SE Asia |
| what are anthropoids | NWM South and Central America OWM Africa and Asia Apes Asian apes = gibbons and orangutans African apes = gorilla, chimp, bonobo Humans - African origin, now globally distributed |
| Where do living primates live? | Mostly tropical to sub-tropical OWMs range into savanna, semi-desert and even temperate zones Several biomes Rainforest, seasonal forest, woodland, savanna, semi-desert; Temperate woodland |
| what are the Shared derived traits of Haplorhini | 1. Dry rhinarium 2. Hemochorial placenta 3. Basicranial anatomy and blood supply to brain |
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