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"Where, Why & What?"
Chap. 2 Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| VENTRAL | THE BELLY OR UNDERSIDE OF A BODY OR BODY PART |
| DORSAL | REFERS TO THE BACK (A DORSAL FIN IS ON THE BACK) |
| CRANIAL | TOWARDS THE HEAD |
| CAUDAL | TOWARDS THE TAIL |
| ANTERIOR | MEANS FRONT OF THE BODY |
| POSTERIOR | MEANS REAR OF THE BODY |
| ROSTRAL | TOWARDS THE NOSE |
| CEPHALIC | PERTAINING TO THE HEAD |
| MEDIAL | TOWARDS THE MIDLINE |
| LATERAL | AWAY FROM THE MIDLINE |
| SUPERIOR | UPPERMOST, ABOVE |
| INFERIOR | LOWERMOST, BELOW |
| PROXIMAL | NEAREST THE MIDLINE OR NEAREST THE BEGINNING OF THE STRUCTURE |
| DISTAL | FARTHEST FROM THE MIDLINE OR FARTHEST FROM THE BEGINNING OF A STRUCTURE |
| SUPERFICIAL | NEAR THE SURFACE (ALSO CALLED EXTERNAL) |
| DEEP | BENEATH THE SURFACE |
| PALMAR | THE CAUDAL SURFACE OF THE FRONT PAW (THE PALM) |
| PLANTAR | THE CAUDAL SURFACE OF THE BACK PAW (THE SOLE) |
| MIDSAGITTAL PLANE (ALSO CALLED MEDIAN PLANE AND MIDLINE) | THE PLANE THAT DIVIDES THE BODY INTO EQUAL R&L HALVES |
| SAGITTAL PLANE | THE PLANE THAT DIVIDES THE BODY INTO UNEQUAL R&L PARTS |
| DORSAL PLANE | DIVIDES THE BODY INTO DORSAL(BACK) AND VENTRAL(FRONT) PLANES |
| TRANSVERSE PLANE | DIVIDES THE BODY INTO CRANIAL AND CAUDAL PARTS |
| -LOGY | SUFFIX MEANING THE STUDY OF |
| ANATOMY | STUDY OF BODY STRUCTURE |
| PHYSIOLOGY | STUDY OF BODY FUNCTION |
| PATHOLOGY | STUDY OF ABNORMAL CONDITIONS (DISEASE) |
| ETIOLOGY | THE STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF DISEASE |
| BODY CAVITY | A HOLE OR HOLLOW SPACE IN THE BODY THAT CONTAINS ORGANS |
| CRANIAL CAVITY | CONTAINS THE BRAIN |
| SPINAL CAVITY | CONTAINS THE SPINAL CORD WITHIN THE SPINAL COLUMN |
| THORACIC CAVITY | CONTAINS HEART,LUNGS, RIBS |
| ABDOMINAL CAVITY (ALSO CALLED PERITONEAL CAVITY) | CONTAINS ORGANS FOR DIGESTION |
| PELVIC CAVITY | CONTAINS REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS & SOME EXCRETORY ORGANS |
| RECUMBANT | MEDICAL TERM FOR LYING DOWN |
| DORSAL RECUMBANCY (also called supine) | LYING ON THE BACK |
| VENTRAL RECUMBANCY (also called sternal or prone position) | LYING ON THE BELLY (STERNAL RECUMBANCY) |
| what is the dental arcade? | how the teeth are arranged in the mouth |
| aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue | lingual surface |
| what is the maxilla | upper jaw |
| what is the mandible | lower jaw |
| which aspect of the toothfaces the cheek? | buccal surface |
| what are the aspects of the teeth that meet when you chew | occlusal surface |
| left lateral recumbancy | animal is lying down on its left side |
| right lateral recumbancy | animal is lying down on its right side |
| what is adduction | movement toward the midline |
| what is abduction | movement away from the midline |
| what is flexion | reducing of the angle between 2 bones |
| what is extension | straightening of a joint or an increase in the angle between 2 bones |
| combining form for cell | cyt/o |
| cytology | the study of cells |
| -PLASM | suffix for formative material of cells |
| genetic | pertains to genes |
| genetic disorder | any inherited disease or condition caused by defective genes |
| congenital | something that is present at birth |
| congenital defect | something faulty that is present at birth |
| anomaly | deviation from normal |
| better word to use than defect is? | anomaly |
| study of tissue is called | histology |
| adip/o | combining form for fat |
| anaplasia | a change in the structure of cells and their orienttion to each other |
| aplasia | lack of development of an organ or a tissue or a cell |
| dysplasia | abnormal growth or development of an organ/tissue/cell |
| hyperplasia | abnormal increase in the number of normal cells |
| hypoplasia | incomplete or less than normal development of an organ/tissue/cell |
| neoplasia | any abnormal new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells is uncontrolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive |
| benign tumor | not recurring |
| malignant tumor | tending to spread & be life threatening |
| -oma | suffix meaning tumor or neoplasm |
| atrophy | decrease in size or complete wasting of an organ/tissue or cell |
| dystrophy | defective growth in the size of an organ/tissue/cell |
| hypertrophy | increase in the size of an organ/tissue/cell |
| aden/o | combining form for gland |
| exocrine glands | secrete their chemicals into ducts that lead to of the body or to other organs |
| endocrine glands | secrete their chemical substances directly into the bloodstream |
| oste/o oss/e oss/i | combining form for bones |
| arthr/o | combining form for joints |
| chondr/o | combining form for cartilage |
| my/o | combining form for muscles |
| fasc/i or fasci/o | combining form for fascia |
| ten/o or tend/o or tendin/o | combining form for tendons |
| cardi/o | combining form for heart |
| arteri/o | combining form for arteries |
| ven/o or phleb/o | combining form for veins |
| hem/o or hemat/o | combining form for blood |
| lymph/o | combining form for lymph vessels, lymph fluid and lymph nodes |
| tonsill/o | combining form for tonsils |
| splen/o | combining form for spleen |
| thym/o | combining form for thymus |
| nas/o or rhin/o | combining form for nose |
| pharyng/o | combining form for pharynx |
| trache/o | combining form for trachea |
| laryng/o | combining form for larynx |
| pneum/o or pneumon/o | combining form for lungs |
| or/o or stomat/o | combining form for mouth |
| esophag/o | combining form for esophagus |
| gastr/o | combining form for stomach |
| enter/o | combining form for small intestines |
| col/o or colon/o | combining form for large intestines |
| hepat/o | combining form for liver |
| pancreat/o | combining form for pancreas |
| ren/o or nephr/o | combining form for kidneys |
| ureter/o | combining form for ureters |
| cyst/o | combining form for bladder |
| urethro/o | combining form for urethra |
| neur/o or neur/i | combining form for nerves |
| myel/o | combining form for spinal cord |
| ophthalm/o or ocul/o | combining form for eyes |
| optic/o | combining form for sight |
| ot/o or aur/i or aur/o or audit/o or aud/i | combining form for ears |
| acoustic/o | combining form for sound |
| dermat/o or dermo/o or cutane/o | combining form for skin |
| adren/o | combining form foradrenals |
| gonad/o | combining form for gonads |
| pineal/o | combining form for pineal |
| pituit/o | combining form for pituitary |
| thyroid/o or thyr/o | combining form for thyroid |
| orch/o or orchi/o or orchid/o or testicul/o | combining form for testicles |
| ovari/o or oophor/o | combining form for ovaries |
| hyster/o or metr/o or metr/i or metri/o or uter/o | combining form for uterus |
| prefixes for 1 | uni- or mono- |
| prefixes for 2 | duo- , bi- , dyo- |
| prefix for 3 | tri- |
| prefixes for 4 | quadri- , quadro- , tetra- |
| prefixes for 5 | quint- , pent- , penta- |
| prefixes for 6 | sex- , hex- , hexa- |
| prefixes for 7 | sept- , septi- , hept- , hepta- |
| prefixes for 8 | octo- , oct- , octa- |
| prefixes for 9 | novem- , ennea- |
| prefixes for 10 | deca- , decem- , dek- , deka- |
Created by:
mountida
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