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1/2 final
vet 2005
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the different types of fluids made of | crystalloids, colliods, blood products |
| this type of crystalloid maintains equal hydrostatic pressure, and is a good replacement for mild to moderate dehydration | isotonic |
| this type of crystalloid pushes fluid into intracellular space, can be used as a maintenance therapy if KCL is added | hypotonic |
| this type of crystalloid pulls fluid into intravascular space, good for cerebral edema, use with caution | hypertonic |
| what are normal insensible loses of fluids from | respiratory evaporation, feces, ect |
| what are abnormal insensible loses of fluids from | vomiting, diarrhea, polyuria, anorexia |
| what the maintenance fluid rate of crystalloids per day formula | 60ml/kg/day |
| what is the formula for maintenance fluids of colloids per day for a dog | 20ml/kg/day |
| what is the formula for maintenance fluids of colloids per day for a cat | 12ml/kg/day |
| how many recognized dog erythrocyte antigens are there | minimum of 12 |
| how many different types of blood do cats have | 3 |
| what is the most common feline blood type | A |
| what is the most rare feline blood type | B |
| packed red blood cell transfusions are used to treat what conditions | anemia (hemolytic, non regenerative) |
| plasma transfusions are used to treat what conditons | hypoalbuminemia, coagulopathies, not thrombocytopenia |
| cryoprecipitate is used to treat what conditions | von wilillebrands disease |
| cryosupernatant plasma is used to treat what conditions | same as fresh frozen plasma |
| Paco2 is an indication of what | ventilation ability |
| pao2 is an indication of what | how well blood is being oxygenated |
| hypoxemia pao2 readings are less than what | 80 mmHg |
| hypoxemia spo2 readings are less than what | 92% |
| severe hypoxemia pao2 readings are less than what | 60 mmHg |
| cyanosis pao2 readings are less than what | 50 mmHg |
| when using blow by O2 how far away should you keep the end of the tube from the patients face | 6 inches |
| what is very important when using nasal o2 | humidifier |
| what is hyperbaric oxygen therapy | 100% O2 at 2-4 atmospheres of pressure |
| this type of oxygen therapy is used to treat burns, gangrene, acute traumatic ischemic injuries, chronic non healing wounds, refractory osteomyelitis | hyperbaic oxygen therapy |
| this type of ventilation has total control, aka continuous positive pressure ventilation | controlled ventilation |
| this type of ventilation is periodic control of ventilations, aka intermittent positive pressure ventilation | assisted ventilation |
| this type of ventilation is maintaining pressure in the lungs at the end of expiration to prevent alveolar collapse | positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) |
| this type of ventilation is similar to PEEP, but when the animal is not on a ventilator | continuous positive airway pressure |
| what are intrinsic spinal cord causes | extrusion/protrusion of disc material, fractures secondary to bone diseases |
| what are extrinsic spinal cord causes | fractures, luxations, subluxations, trauma related |
| inflammation of all structures/tissues of the eye | panopthalmitis |
| inflammation of the cornea | keratitis |
Created by:
chop
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