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DIGESTIVE SYSYTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| LIST FROM PROXIMAL TO DISTAL THE PATH OF THE MONOGASTRIC STOMACH | MOUTH,PHARYNX,ESOPHAGUS,STOMACH,DEUDENUM, JUJUNUM, ILEUM,TRY CECUM, COLON, RECTUM, ANUS |
| LIST FROM PROXIMAL TO DISTAL THE PATH OF THE RUMINENT STOMACH | MOUTH, PHARYNX, ESOPHAGUS, RUMEN, RETICULUM, OMASUM, ABOMASM |
| TYPES OF ENZYMES THE PANCREAS MAKES | TRYPSIN-PROTEIN LIPASE- FAT AMYLASE- STARTCH |
| ESOPHAGUS | IS ON THE LEFT SIDE WHEN IN THE DORSAL RECUMBANCY |
| LIVER | MAKES AND RELEASES BILE |
| BILE | EMULSIFIES FATS. |
| GALLBLADDER | STORES BILE. THE GALLBLADDER RELEASES BILE INTO THE BLOOD STREAM WHEN FAT IS PRESENT IN THE DEUDENUM |
| WHAT ANIMALS DO NOT HAVE A GALLBLADDER | HORSES AND RATS |
| HORSES | HIND GUT FERMENTERS |
| PREHENSION | GRASPING OF FOOD WITH THE LIPS OR TEETH |
| MASTICATION | THE MECHANICAL GRINDING AND BREAKING DOWN OF FOOD (CHEWING) |
| HERBIVORES | PLANT EATING ANIMALS, GOATS, SHEEP AND CATTLE |
| CARNIVORES | MEAT EATING ANIMALS, CATS,DOGS |
| OMNIVORES | ANIMALS THAT EAT PLANTS AND MEATS. PIGS AND HUMANS |
| GASTRO | STOMACH |
| ENTERIC | INTESTINES |
| ALIMENTARY CANAL | GI TRACT |
| PERISTALSIS | PERI:AROUND |
| PYLORIS | OPENING BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM |
| RUGAE | ANATOMICAL FOLD, USU, VISCERA |
| CHYME | SEMIFLUID MASS OF PARTLY DIGESTED FOOD EXPELLED BY THE STOMACH INTO THE DUODENUM |
| THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BREAKS DOWN FOOD STUFF INTO ABSORABLE NUTRIENTS TO FUEL TE BODY. | |
| 5 STEPS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM | PREHENSION- GRASPING FOOD W/ LIPS & TEETH MASTICATION- MECHANICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD (CHEWING) CHEMICAL DIGESTION ABSORPTION OF FOOD/WATER ELIMINATION OF WASTES |
| MONOGASTRIC | SIMPLE STOMACH |
| RUMINANT(CRANIAL FERMENTOR) | MULTI-COMPARTMENTED STOMACH |
| HIND GUT(CAUDAL FERMENTOR) | SIMPLE STOMACH, BUT VERY LARGE AND COMPLEX INTESTINES. |
| WALLS OF THE GI TRACT | MUCOSA, SUBMUCOSA, MUSCULARIS EXTERNA, SEROSA |
| MUCOSA | CLOSEST TO LUMEN, HAS 3 SUBLAYERS *EPITHELIUM- STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS& SIMPLE COLUMNAR *LAMINA PROPRIA- CONNECTIVE TISSUE *MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE- SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| SUBMUCOSA | LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| MUSCULARIS EXTERNA | 2 TO 3 LAYERS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE, OBLIQUE, CIRCULAR, LONGITUDINAL |
| SEROSA | LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| MOUTH | RECIEVES FOOD AND MIXES IT WITH SALIVA DURING MASTICATION BOLUS IS FORMED |
| PHARYNX | COMMON PASSAGEWAY FOR DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS |
| ESOPHAGUS | MUSCULAR TUBING RUNNING FROM THE PHARYNX TO THE CARDIA (WHICH IS THE OPENING TO THE STOMACH) FOOD MOVES THROUGH THE ESOPHAGUS VIA PERISTALSIS |
| STOMACH | SIMPLE STOMACH, MONOGASTRIC ANIMALS |
| 5 REGIONS ON SIMPLE STOMACH | CARDIA, FUNDUS, BODY, ANTRUM, PYLORUS |
| CARDIA | ESOPHAGUS ENTERS HERE, MUSCULAR PROTECTION AGAINST REFLUX OF STOMACH CONTENTS INTO ESOPHAGUS |
| FUNDUS | EXPANDABLE, BLIND POUCH |
| BODY | "MIDDLE" PORTION OF STOMACH |
| ANTRUM | DISTAL PART OF STOMACH |
| PYLORUS | DISTAL "END" PORTION OF STOMACH, IS A MUSCULAR SPHINCTER |
| CHYME | FOOD MIXED IN THE STOMACH WITH SECRETIONS FROM THE DIGESTIVE GLANDS UNTIL IT IS REDUCED TO A LIQUID |
| PH OF THE STOMACH | IS ACIDIC, HYDROCHLORIC ACID |
| MUCOUS NECK CELLS | SECRETE MUCUS |
| CHIEF CELLS | PRODUCE THE ENZYME PEPSINOGEN |
| PARIETAL CELLS | PRODUCE HYDROCHLORIC ACID- WALL OF STOMACH |
| ENDOCRINE CELLS | PRODUCE THE HORMONE GASTRIN |
| ALL RUMINANTS ARE HERBIVORES | NOT ALL HERBIVORES ARE RUMINANTS |
| RUMINANTS | REGURGITATES BOLUS(FOOD) REMASTIVATES(RECHEWS) AND SWALLOWS IT AGAIN(DEGLUTINATION) |
| FOUR CHAMBERS OF RUMINANT STOMACH | RUMEN, RETICULUM, OMASUM, ABOMASUM |
| FERMENTATION VAT | RUMEN |
| LARGEST COMPARTMENT | RUMEN |
| ERUCTATION | BURPING |
| CUD CHEWING | RUMINANTS |
| ERUCTATION | FERMENTATION OF FOOD IN THE RUMEN GENERATES ENORMOUS QUANTITES OF GAS, BELCHING IS HOW RUMINANTS GER RID OF FERMENTATION GASES |
| HARDWARE COMPARTMENT | HARDWARE COMPARTMENT, |
| HONEYCOMB | RETICULUM |
| MOST CRANIAL | RETICULUM |
| OMASUM | GRINDS UP THE FOOD AND ABSORBS WATER AND BICARBONATE |
| OMASUM | COMPOSED OF MANY LAYERS OF LAMINAE, WHICH RESEMBLES LEAVES |
| ABOMASUM | TRUE GLANDULAR STOMACH |
| ABOMASUM | MIXES THE FOOD WITH ENZYMES, INITIATING CHEMICAL DIGESTION |
| SMALL INTESTINE | DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, ILEUM |
| SMALL INTESTINE | MAJOR SITE OF DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION |
| THREE SPECIALIZED STRUCTURES INCREASES THE SURFACE AREA OF THE SMALL INTESTINE | CIRCULAR FOLDS, INTESTINAL VILLI-SLENDER PROJECTIONS, MICROVILLI-COLUMNAR CELLS WITH MICROVILLI |
| SMALL INTESTINES | PRODUCES DIGESTIVE ENZYMES-PROTEASE, AMYLASE, AND LIPASE |
| GASTRO | STOMACH |
| MONOGASTRIC | SINGLE GASTRIC STOMACH |
| PYLORIS | OPENING BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM |
| RUGAE | ANATOMICAL FOLD,USU, VISCERA |
| CHYME | SEMIFLUID MASS OF PARTLY DIGESTED FOOD EXPELLED BY THE STOMACH INTO THE DUODENUM |
| DIGESTIVE SYSTEM | THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BREAKS DOWN FOODSTUFF INTO ABSORBABLE NUTRIENTS(SUGARS, AMINO ACIDS, FATTY ACIDS, ETC) TO FUEL THE BODY |
| THE FIVE STEPS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM | PREHENSION, MASTICATION, CHEMICAL DIGESTION, ABSORPTION OF FOOD/WATER, ELIMINATION OF WASTES. |
| PREHENSION | GRASP FOOD WITH LIPS/ TEETH |
| MASTICATION | MECHANICAL GRINDING/ BREAKDOWN OF FOOD |
| MONOGASTRIC | SIMPLE STOMACH |
| RUMINANT(CRANIAL FERMENTOR) | MULTI-COMPARTMENTED STOMACH |
| HIND GUT (CAUDAL FERMENTOR) | SIMPLE STOMACH, BUT VERY LARGE AND COMPLEX LARGE INTESTINES |
| HERBIVORE | PLANT EATERS, RABBIT, COW, HORSE, SHEEP, GOAT |
| CARNIVORE | MEAT EATERS DOG, CAT |
| OMNIVORE | PLANT AND MEAT EATING ANIMALS RATS, PIGS, HUMANS |
| MUCOSA | CLOSEST TO LUMEN, HAS 3 SUBLAYERS |
| EPITHELIUM | STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS & SIMPLE COLUMNAR |
| LAMINA PROPRIA | CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE | SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| SUBMUCOSA | LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| MUSCULARIS EXTERNA | 2-3 LAYERS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE. OBLIQUE, CIRCULAR, LONGITUDINAL |
| SEROSA | LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| STRUCTURES OF THE MONOGASTRIC STOMACH | MOUTH, PHARYNX, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH |
| MOUTH | RECIEVES FOOD AND MIXES IT WITH SALIVA DURING MASTICATION, BOLUS IS FORMED |
| PHARYNX | COMMON PASSAGEWAY FOR DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS |
| ESOPHAGUS | MUSCULAR TUBING RUNNING FROM THE PHARYNX TO THE CARDIA (WHICH IS THE OPENING TO THE STOMACH) |
| FOOD MOVES THROUGH THE ESOPHAGUS VIA | PERISTALSIS |
| STOMACH | SIMPLE STOMACH; MONOGASTRIC ANIMALS |
| STOMACH | ENZYMATIC DIGESTION OF PROTEINS BEGINS, FOODSTUFFS REDUCED TO LIQUID FORM |
| SIMPLE STOMACH HAS 5 REGIONS | CARDIA, FUNDUS, BODY, ANTRUM, AND PYLORUSQ |
| CARDIA | ESOPHAGUS ENTERS HERE, MUSCULAR PROTECTION AGAINST REFLUX OF STOMACH CONTENTS INTO ESOPHAGUS |
| FUNDUS | EXPANDABLE, BLIND POUCH |
| BODY | "MIDDLE" PORTION OF THE STOMACH |
| ANTRUM | DISTAL PART OF THE STOMACH |
| PYLORUS | DISTAL "END" PORTION OF STOMACH, IT IS A MUSCULAR SPHINCTER |
| RUAGE | INNER FOLDS IN THE SIMPLE STOMACH |
| PH OF THE STOMACH | IS ACIDIC |
| TRUE BODY OF THE STOMACH HAS GASTRIC GLANDS | MUCOUS NECK CELLS, CHIEF CELLS, PARIETAL CELLS, AND ENDOCRINE CELLS |
| MUCOUS NECK CELLS | SECRETE MUCUS |
| CHIEF CELLS | PRODUCE THE ENZYME PEPSINOGEN |
| PARIETAL CELLS | PRODUCE HYDROCHLORIC ACID |
| ENDOCRINE CELLS | PRODUCE THE HORMONE GASTRIN |
| RUMINANT STOMACH | FOUND IN CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, AND LLAMAS |
| ALL RUMINANTS ARE HERBIVORES | BUT NOT ALL HERBIVORES ARE RUMINANTS |
| RUMINANT ANIMALS | REGURGITATES FOOD(BOLUS) REMASTICATES (RECHEWS), AND SWALLOWS IT AGAIN (DEGLUTINATION) |
| FOUR CHAMBERS OF THE RUMINANT STOMACH | RUMEN, RETICULUM, OMASUSM, ABOMASUM |
| RUMEN | FERMENTATION VAT, LARGEST COMPARTMENT, |
| RUMINANTS ARE KNOWN FOR | CUD CHEWING |
| RETICULUM | HARDWARE COMPARTMENT, HONEYCOMB, AND MOST CRANIAL |
| OMASUM | GRINDS UP THE FOOD AND ABSORBS WATER AND BICARBONATE, COMPOSED OF LAYERS OF LAMINAE, WHICH RESEMBLE LEAVES |
| ABOMASUM | TRUE GLANDULAR STOMACH, MIXES THE FOOD WITH ENZYMES, INITIATING CHEMICAL DIGESTION. |
| 3 REGIONS OF SMALL INTESTINE | DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, ILEUM |
| SMALL INTESTINE | MAJOR SITE OF DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION |
| SMALL INTESTINE PRODUCES DIGESTIVE ENZYMES | PROTEASE, AMYLASE, AND LIPASE |
| LARGE INTESTINE | CECUM FOUND AT THE ILEOCECOCOLIC JUNCTION |
| COLON | HAS NO VILLI, FOLDS OR SECRETED ENZYMES. THERE ARE GOBLET CELLS THAT SECRET MUCUS |
| LARGE INTESTINE | ABSORBS WATER, PRODUCES VITAMINS B AND K, PROPELS WASTE TOWARD THE RECTUM |
| RECTUM | LARGE PORTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT SECRETES MUCUS |
| ANUS | TERMINAL END OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT |
| ANUS | HAS TWO SPHINCTERS, INTERNAL AUTONOMIC SPHINCTER, AND EXTERNAL VOLUNTARY SPHINCTER |
| OTHER ORGANS INVOLVED IN DIGESTION THAT FOOD DOES NOT PASS THROUGH | PANCREAS, LIVER, GALLBLADDER |
| PANCREAS | RELEASES SODIUM BICARBONATE, NEUTRALIZES ACIDIC CHYME AND DIGESTIVE ENZYMES INTO THE DUODENUM |
| PANCREAS | TRYPSIN- TO DIGEST PROTEINS LIPASE- TO DIGEST FAT AMYLASE- TO DIGEST STARTCH |
| PANCREAS | PRODUCES BILE WHICH EMULSIFIES FATS |
| GALLBLADDER | STORES BILE AND RELEASES IT INTO THE DUODENUM WHEN FATS ARE PRESENT |
| RATS AND HORSES DO NOT HAVE A | GALLBLADDER |
| ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF HIND GUT FERMENTORS | MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, LIVER, PANCREAS, GALL BLADDER AND SMALL INTESTINE HAVE SIMILAR FUNCTIONS AS COMPARED TO MONOGASTRICS |
| LARGE INTESTINE OF HIND GUT | LARGE INTESTINE IS EXCEPTIONALLY LARGE AND COMPLEX COMPARED TO MONOGASTRICS AND RUMINANTS |
Created by:
JODY84
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