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vet1355~
half of final review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| animals with coccidia pass oocysts in their feces that are immediately infective (true/false) | false |
| canine coccidia spp. are infective to felines(true/false) | false |
| Eimeria spp. are sometimes observed in canine and feline samples but it is considered a pseudoparasite (true/false) | true |
| Neospora caninum causes flaccid hing-limb paralysis in puppies (true/false) | true |
| Giardia cysts can become distorted with Sheathers sugar solution (true/false) | true |
| the two most commonly used drugs to treat Giardia are pyrantal and praziquantal (true/false0 | false |
| the gold standard flotation medium for diagnosis of Giardia | zinc sulfate |
| the best way to find giardia trophozoites in feces | direct smear |
| which protozoan is sexuallly transmitted among cattle | tritrichomonas foetus |
| what is the coccidian parasite of carnivores and omnivores | cystoisospora |
| congenital disease with this protozoan parasite is associated with birth defects, still birth, and neurologic disease | toxoplasma gondii |
| giardia cysts are best observed under what power on the microscope | 40x |
| which protozoan parasite is carried in cat feces and can cause birth defects in human babies if mom becomes infected | toxoplasma gondii |
| this protozoan is primarily common in cattle and can be transmitted to humans via water, it is severely debilitating in immunocompromised people | cryptosporidium |
| which type of lice has a broader head that is wider than it is long, with no antennae, and no claws | mallophaga(biting/chewing lice) |
| which type of lice has a narrow head, antennae, claws and mouth parts | anoplura(sucking lice) |
| what is the scientific name of the most common flea seen in dogs and cats | ctenocephalides felis |
| otodectes cynotis have long, jointed pedicels (true/false) | false |
| where are the adult worms of dirofilaria immitis primarily found | right ventricle/pulmonary arteries |
| where are microfilaria found | blood |
| at what larval stage does dirofilaria need to be in the mosquito mouthparts to be infective | L3 |
| the treatment of choice for adult heartworm disease in dogs | melarsomine |
| what is the intracellular gram negative bacteria that lives inside the filarial nematode | wolbachia |
| what test is the ideal first choice for diagnosing canine heartworm disease | antigen test |
| what does HARD stand for in reference to heartworm disease | heartworm associated respiratory disease |
| which heartworm species has a button head and moves in a forward motion | dipetalonema reconditum |
| which heartworm species has a straight body and makes a wiggle motion for movement instead of moving forward | dirofilaria immitis |
| vomiting may be a sign of heartworm disease in cats (true/false) | true |
| cats are commonly microfilaria positive (true/false) | false |
| which arthropod is the cause of feline scabies | notoedres cati |
| which arthropod produce larva that use an air hole to breath | cuterebra spp. |
| which arthropod are often referred to as walking dandruff | cheyletiella |
| what term means infestation of lice | pediculosis |
| which parasites: host is dogs/wild canids, is zoonotic(causes VLM & OLM), located in the small intestine, causes dull hair coat, abdominal distention, poor appetite, vomiting, and loose stool | toxocara canis |
| which parasite: "raccoon" roundworm, has direct development of adults in SI; no migration, zoonotic(cause OLM, VLM, & NLM), eggs are ellipsoidal, golden brown, thick shell, finely granular surface, no pitting | baylisascaris procyonis |
| what parasite: several host; adult worms found in pulmonary artery & right ventricle; microfilaria found in blood of infected animal; PPP 6-7 months | dirofilaria immitis |
| what parasite: dogs, fox, wolves are host; adults found in SQ tissue; microfilaria found in blood; infection after bite of IH (fleas/lice) | dipetalonema reconditum |
| what parasite: known as the sheep nasal bot; larvae migrate to internal nares and sinus | oestrus ovis |
| what parasite; equine stomach bot; eggs deposited in horses haircoat; eggs or hatched larvae ingested; where eggs depositied & where bots are located in stomach depend on species; found in feces | gasterophilus spp. |
| what parasite: common name is brown dog tick; hard tick; inornate, hexagonal basis capitulum, festoons; common vector of canine ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, RMSF | rhiplicephalus sanguineus |
| what parasite: all hosts; zoonotic; eggs are ellipsoid, smooth, thin shell, colorless, 4-8 cell stage in fresh feces; transmitted by ingestion, skin penetration, and transmammary | ancylostoma spp. |
| what parasite: 2 species of importance; both very zoonotic; difficult to control due to life cycle; cant distinguish eggs from taenia spp. | echinococcus spp. |
| what parasite: most common tapeworm in SI of dog/cat; usually demonstrates presence by release of & apperance of motile, terminal, gravid proglottids; PPP 14-21 days | dipylidium caninum |
| what parasite: common name black-legged tick or deer tick; hard tick; inornate, anterior anal groove, +/- festoons, vector of lyme disease | ixodes scapularis |
| what parasite: ear mite of dogs/cats; long legs with short, unjointed pedicels | otodectes cynotis |
| what parasite: "walkikng dandruff" of dogs, cats, rabbits; causes pruitus w/ exfolliative debris; large hooked mouthparts (viking horns); due to cat grooming may be found in feces | cheyletiella |
| what parasite: hosts r sheep, goat, cattle; located in SI; proglottids are wider than long; eggs r triangular or square; contain well formed pyriform apparatus | moniezia spp. |
| what parasite: common name lone star tick; hard tick; ornate, long pedipalps- especially 2nd segment, festoons, lone white spot on dorsal shield of female; male has nonconnected white markings around posterior margin; vector for RMSF | amblyomma americanium |
| what parasite: hosts r dog, cat, wild canind, mustelid, raccoon, occasionally man; located in lungs; uses crayfish or f-water crabs as 2nd IH; eggs r yellow brown, operculated- is flattened w/ prominent shoulders; float in high SG solution | paragonimus kellicoti |
| what parasite: "red mange"; normal hair follicle resident; problems in immune suppressed patients; cigar shaped adult; spindle shaped eggs | demodex canis |
| what parasite: "american dog tick"; hard tick; ornate, rectangular basis capitulum, 11 festoons; primary vector of RMSF & cytauxzoon felis; probably most common tick in US | dermacentor variabilis |
| what parasite: found in many species; zoonotic; located in SI; trophozoites encyst in colon; cysts passed directly in feces r directly infective; PPP 1-2 weeks | giardia |
| what parasite: coccidian of carnivores & omnivores; can be sporulated or unsporulated | cystoisospora |
| what parasite: eggs r small, thing shelled, ellipsoidal w/ bluntly rounded ends, colorless; larvated in fresh feces except for 1; long L1 larvae w/ straight tail | strongyloides spp. |
| what parasite: host- canine; located in colon and cecum; direct transmission; eggs r golden brown, barrel shaped, bipolar plugs, smooth surface, tapered at both ends | trichuris vulpis |
| what parasite: eggs r smooth-shelled, clear & colorless, 16-32 cell stage, to identify L3 larvae must be cultured and examined; direct life cycle; adult worm passes eggs in feces | trichostrongyles |
| what parasite: host r horses; located in rectum & colon; eggs r elongated, flattened on 1 side, operculated at 1 end; "scotch tape technique" facilitates diagnosis | oxyuris equi |
| what parasite: "ear canker" on stressed rabbitss; dark, crusted material will be seen in ears if present | psoropstes spp. |
| what parasite: "head & neck mange" in cats; lesions start at medial edge of pinna, head & neck; round in shape, has dorsal anus | notoedres cati |
| what parasite: infects most domestic animals, except cats; reportable in cattle; mite spherical body, legs 3 & 4 not visible past the edge of the body, legs 1 & 2 have long unjointed stalks w/ suckers at distal end | sarcoptes scabiei |
| what parasite: common name rocky mountain wood tick; most important cause of tick paralysis in US | dermacentor andersoni |
| what parasite: require h2o to develop; only female bites; larvae called wigglers; pupae called tumblers; piercing- sucking mouthparts; tranmist malaria, filarial nematodes, arboviruses | mosquito's |
| what parasite: adults near marshes, cleared areas, trails; larvae use decomposing logs, bogs, wet pastures; cutting- lapping mouthparts; painful biters; very large compound eyes; transmit tularemia, anthrax, trypanosomes | horse and deer flies |
| this term means infested by flies | myiasis |
| what parasite: warbles, ox warble, cattle grub; eggs deposited on feet & back of legs; larvae hatch and penetrate skin- migrate through body until reaches animals back, along spine; affect leather production | hypoderma |
| this type of chewing louse is found on dogs & wild canids throughout the world, is a vector of dog tapeworm | trichodectes canis |
| this type of chewing louse is usually found in large #'s only on aged or diseased cats & some wild felids; probably cosmopolitan in location; infestation often go unnoticed | felicola subrostratus |
| this type of sucking louse is occassionally found on dogs (particularly on long haired breeds) throughout the world; causes little irritation; usually absent from kennels; can be found on wild canids | linognathus setosus |
| this stage of the flea life cycle cant be destroyed by pesticides | pupae |
| this arthropod is a vector of dipylidium caninum; can cause allergic dermatitis, anemia, & annoyance | fleas |
| this type of flea control involves vaccuming, shampooing/ steam cleaning, wash bedding; combined use of residual insecticides and IGR's | indoor control |
| this type of flea control involves keeping grass short; applying insecticides in shady areas | outdoor control |
| what parasite: host r cattle sometimes sheep; prefers tail, escutcheon, & legs; mite legs have large tarsal suckers on short unjointed pedicels; treat w/ standard louse treatments | chorioptes spp. |
| this type of tick is a 3 host tick | hard tick |
| this type of tick is a 1 host tick | soft tick |
| what parasite: common name spinose ear tick; host r horses, cattle, sheep, goats, dogs; nymph stage violin shaped; covered w/ tiny, backward projecting spines; only larval & nymph stage r parasitic; g-range semiarid/arid areas of southwestern US | otobius megnini |
| when a person believes that they have an infestation/infection of an arthropod or parasite and will not consider other reasons for their condition | delusory parasitosis |
| signs of this include: "bug" is colored or multicolored, actually see it burrowing in skin, in area not normally found, can see something that is normally microscopic, accompanied by self-inflicted wounds on hands, face and neck | delusory parasitosis |
| leishmania may be transmitted transplacentally from the bitch to her pups (true/false) | true |
| it is common for dogs and cats to infect humans with giardia (true/false) | false |
| toxoplasmosis is associated with what in human fetuses | birth defects & still births |
| the motile stage of giardia is called | trophozoite |
| name the two hosts of leishmaniasis | rodents & sand fly |
| name the primary tick vector of lyme disease | western black legged tick |
| what are the signs of lyme disease in the acute phase | fever, shifting leg lameness, swollen joints, enlarged lymph nodes, lethargy, anorexia, and depression |
| what is the standard treatment for lyme disease | doxycycline at 10mg/kg PO SID |
| how long should doxycycline be given to treat for lyme disease | 30 days |
| what is the primary sign of cryoptosporidium in animals | secretory diarrhea |
| infections in immunocompromised individuals may also be seen in what areas of the body | large intestine, respiratory tract, biliary tract, pancreatic duct, etc |
| what is the only definitive host of toxoplasmosis | felines |
| what are the three routes of transmission for toxoplasmosis | transplacental, transmammary, ingestion of sporulated oocysts |
| what are the two drugs recommended to treat giardia | metronidazole & fenbendazole |
| what are the 3 diagnostic techniques for giardia | fecal flotation, direct smear, fecal elisa |
| according to CAPC should asymptomatic dogs and cats be treated for giardia | not unless treatment is desired due to exposure from another pet |
| babesia infection may be spread via blood transfusion (true/false) | true |
| it is common to find morulae of ehrlichia and anaplasma on a blood smear (true/false) | false |
| C. felis may be fatal due to severe anemia and its complications (true/false) | true |
| tetracyclines are the treatment for hemobartonellosis (true/false) | true |
| how long does the tick have to be attached to the host to initiate infection | 24-48 hours |
| the treatment for ehrlicia and anaplasma is | doxycycline |
| the main reservoir host for C. felis is | bobcat |
| what are the two tick vectors o9f babesiosis | brown dog tick & american dog tick |
| what blood cell line does babesia invade | erythrocytes |
| what is the main reservoir host of anaplasma spp | rodents |
| what cell line(s) does ehrlichia and anaplasma enter | monocytes, granulocytes, or platelets |
| what is the main tick vector of cytauxzoon felis | american dog tick |
| mycoplasma haemofelis is also known as | FIA or hemobartonellosis |
| what is the nick name for hemabartonellosis | cat scratch fever |
| what infestations are the probable cause of hemobartonellosis | flea infestations |
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