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Sx Anesth Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -ectomy | removal of |
| -otomy | incision into |
| -ostomy | creating a permanent opening |
| 4 stages of surgery | pre-op, anesthesia, post-op, discharge |
| Pre-op responsible for | exam, tests, pre-meds, IV cath |
| Anesthesia responsible for | induction, maintenance |
| Post-op responsible for | continuous monitoring |
| surgical drap options: | fenestrated, four quarter |
| 4 routine surgeries | ovariohysterectomy (spay), orchiectomy (neuter), cryptorchid orchiectomy, onychectomy (declaw) |
| Resection/Anastomosis | removing section of dead/dz bowl |
| Cystotomy | opening the bladder |
| Urethrostomy | creating a permanent opening in the urethra |
| Laparoscopy | to examine peritoneal cavity and its viscera through a small incision utilizing a camera |
| Complications related to anesthesia: | Hypothermia, emergence delirium, prolonged recovery |
| Complicatsions related to surgery: | hemorrhage, seroma (collection of tissue fluid under skin), dehiscence, self-trauma, infection |
| 2 types of wounds: | purposeful (sx incision), incedental (traumatic injury) |
| Wound classification: | 1) 6 hrs old, minimal contamination, 2) 6-12 hrs old, significant contamination, 3) >12 old, profound contamination |
| Wound contamination classification: | clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, infected |
| wound cleansing: | lavage, debridement, wound dressing, antimicrobial agents, drains |
| wound closure: | primary closure, delayed primary, secondary closure, secondary intention |
| common analgesic classes: | Opiods, NSAIDS |
| general post anesthesia discharge instructions: | confinement, feeding, medications, signs of adverse effects, how to reach hospital |
| general post surgical discharge instructions: | check site 2x daily, count # sutures 2x daily, swelling/reddness/discharge, importance of leaving ecollar on, schedule recheck |
| monitoring goal: | have sufficient CNS depression, analgesia, muscle relaxation and immobility w/o compromising cardio function |
| monitoring necessary for 2 reasons: | keep pt safe, regulate anesthetic depth |
| 1st stage anesthesia | period of voluntary movement |
| 2nd stage anesthesia | period of involuntary movement (aka excited phase) |
| 3rd stage anesthesia | period of surgical anesthesia3 |
| 3 planes of stage 3 anesthesia | 1) light anesthesia, 2) medium anesthesia, 3) deep anesthesia, 4) early anesthetic overdose |
| 4th stage anesthesia | period of anesthetic overdose |
| Normal dog/cat HR | 60-150bpm/120-180bpm |
| Bradycardia during sx is caused by: | opioid and too deep anesthesia |
| Tachycardia during sx is caused by: | inadequate anesthetic depth |
| ECG P wave | contraction of atria |
| ECG PR interval | time for impulse to move from the sinoatrial node to perkinje fibers |
| ECG QRS complex | contractions of ventricle |
| ECG T wave | repolarization of ventrical in prep for next contraction |
| Blood Pressure: | force exerted by flowing blood on arterial walls |
| Normal dog/cat respirations: | 8-20 breaths min/8-20 breaths per min |
| Atelectasis | alveoli will collapse in part of lung if pt is laying on one side too long |
| Respiratory Character: | effort required to breath, relative length of inhalation and exhalation, and regularity |
| swallowing reflex: | present in light anesthesia and recovery |
| laryngeal reflex: | immediate closure of epiglottis and vocal chords when laranyx is touched by any object |
| palpebral reflex: | light touch; retained in light anesthesia and returns during recovery |
| pedal-flexion reflex: | withdraw of limb when sqeezed or pinched |
| corneal-retraction reflex: | blink in response to stimulation of the cornea |
| Pupillary Light Reflex | constriction of pupils in response to bright light shined in retinas |
| Dazzle relfex | response to bright light |
| Indicators of anesthetic depth | spontaneous movement, muscle tone, eye position, pupil size, nystagmus (oscillation of eyeball), salivary/lacrimal secretions, heart/resp rates, response to surgical stimulus |
| anesthetic emergencies due to human error: | failure to obtain hx or perform PE on pt, lack of familiarity w/ anesth agents/machine, incorrect admin of drugs, personnel preoccupied, fatigue, inattentiveness |
Created by:
nlchandler87
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