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VET 1250
Reproductive Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 main functions of male reproductive system | produce spermatazoa, produce androgens, deliver spermatazoa to female |
| contains the nucleus of the sperm, covered by acrosome containing digestive enzymes | head |
| power plant with mitochondria | midpiece |
| long, narrow, contractile fibrils produce movement | tail |
| sperm are produced in the | seminiferous tubules |
| sperm starts as a diploid _______ | primary spermatocyte |
| sperm becomes a haploid ______ | secondary spermatocyte |
| once sperm are fully developed they are stored in the, flat ribbonlike structure that lies along the surface of the testes, site of maturation of sperm | epididymis |
| before birth the testes develop in the | abdominal cavity |
| testes are housed in a sac of skin called the, helps regulate temperature of testes | scrotum |
| at birth or soon after the testes are pulled through the | inguinal ring |
| two main functions of testes | spermatogenesis and hormone production |
| produce male sex hormones under influence of LH that are found in seminiferous tubules but they themselves are outside the st | interstitial cells |
| fibrous connective tissue that protects and supports the soft content of the testes | tunica albuginea |
| layers of tissue that surround and support the testes and spermatic cord | parietal and visceral vaginal tunic |
| adjusts the position of the testes, cold pulls closer, hot relaxes | cremaster muscle |
| contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and the vas deferens | spermatic cord |
| helps maintain the testes at temp lower than the body temp | pampiniform plexis |
| muscular tube that connects the epididymis to the urethra, thick layers of smooth muscle, propels semen | vas deferens |
| ejaculation is function of this | urethra |
| produce alkaline fluid containing electrolytes, fructose, and prostoglandings | accessory repro glands such as prostate, seminal vesicle, and bulbourethral gland |
| 3 parts of penis with urethra running down center | roots, body, glans |
| body of penis has two bundles of erectile tissue called | corpus cavernosum urethrae/penis |
| the enlargement and stiffinging of the penis that prepares it for breeding is a _____; occurs when more blood enters via arteries and leaves via veins; hydraulic pressure | parasympathetic reflex |
| sheath of skin that encloses penis; outer layer is normal, inner is mucous membrane | prepuce |
| enlargement toward the rear of the glans in dogs | bulb of the glans |
| in bulls, rams, and boars, teh penis does not enlarge but straightens due to this muscle | retractor penis muscle |
| cells that provide nutritional support for sperm in seminiferous tubule | sertoli cells |
| failure of testes to descend | cryptorchidism |
| surgical removal of vas deferens | vasectomy |
| is the immature cell that waits in the ovary for the signal to start developing Diploid Chromosome Number When activated the primary divides by Meiosis each having haploid chromosome number | Primary oocyte |
| When activated the primary divides by Meiosis each having haploid chromosome number | broad ligament |
| Cord of fibrous tissue and smooth muscle that extends from the tip of the uterine horn caudally and to the inguinal ring | round ligament |
| Ligament-The ovarian end of the broad ligaments extends cranially and attaches to the area of the last rib | suspensory ligament |
| Located dorsal part of the abdomen near the kidneys, produce ova, produce estrogen and progesterone | ovaries |
| process by which ova are produced by follicles in the ovary | oogenisis |
| produce one mature ovum per cycle | uniparous |
| produce multiple mature ovum per cycle | multiparous |
| Contains immature reproductive cell oocyte Surrounded by follicular cells Follicular Recruitment - FSH is released and only allows a few of primordial follicles to begin developing | primary follicle |
| activated primordial cell, Follicular cells become thick and cubodial shape and begin to multiply surrounding the follicle become known as Granulosa cells As granulosa cells start to multiply the follicle starts to grow in size rapidly | growing follicle |
| Once the follicle has reached its maximum size it looks and feels like a large blister on the ovary | mature follicle (graafian) |
| Result as the rising level of LH Rupture of the mature follicle and release of ovum into the oviduct Time breeding should take place Empty follicle fills with blood and clots rapidly forming the Corpus Hemorrhagicum | ovulation |
| Under continuous LH stimulation -Granulosa cells the line the blood filled follicle begin to multiply again forming a solid yellow structure | formation of the CL |
| Produces progesterone which is necessary in maintaining pregnancy if the ovum has been fertilized | corpus luteum |
| Small convoluted tubes that extend from the tips of the uterine horns Function- guide the ova from the ovary to the uterus and serve a usual site for fertilization | fallopian tubes |
| funnel like opening that catch the ova from the ovary and surround the area of the ovary where follicles have formed | infundibulum |
| fingerlike projections help position the infundibulum where follicles are located. | fimbrae |
| site of fertilization | oviducts |
| Made up of 3 layers,Hallow, muscular organ, shaped in a Y, uterine horns and the base forming the uterine body, | uterus |
| simple columnar epithelium and simple tubular glands that secrete mucus and other substances | endometrium |
| thickest layer of smooth muscle | myometrium |
| covered by visceral layer of peritoneum | perimetrium |
| Muscular Valve that seals off the uterus from the outside world Tightly closed except during estrus and parturition Opens during estrus to admit spermatozoa during breeding | cervix |
| is a tube that receives the penis at breeding time and acts as birth canal during birthing time Lined with mucous glands which help lubricate | vagina |
| visible to the outside world | vulva |
| entrance into the vagina | vestibule |
| Composed of erectile tissue and glans that are supplied with sensory nerve endings | clitoris |
| lips that form the external boundary of the vulva | labia |
| period when the female is receptive to the male (heat period) | estrus |
| cattle and swine, cycle continuously throughout the year | polyestrus |
| horses, sheep, and cats cycle continuously at certain times of the year | seasonally polyestrus |
| dogs have two cycles per year one in the spring and one in fall | diestrus |
| foxes and minks, only one cycle per year | monoestrus |
Created by:
maiken
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