click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
VetMed SA Sx Clinics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Definition of Sterilization | complete elimination of microbial viability |
Definition of Disinfection | destruction of MOST pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects |
Definition of Antisepsis | prevent growth or action of microorganisms on living tissue by inhibiting activity or killing them |
Most commonly used method of sterilization | Steam/pressure sterilization |
What are the biological retractors in an OHE? | Right side: duodenocolic ligament Left side: mesocolon of descending colon |
Most common oral tumors in canine | Epulides (benign) Malignant melanoma Squamous cell carcinoma Fibrosarcoma |
Most common oral tumors in feline | Squamous cell carcinoma Fibrosarcoma |
Purpose of Cheiloplasty | prevents drooling and the tongue from hanging out |
Difference between Cushing, Connell, and Lembert | Cushing - does NOT penetrate lumen Connell - penetrates lumen Lembert - variation on vertical mattress to inverted |
What systemic factors may delay healing and increase risk of dehiscence in small intestinal surgery? | hypovolemic shock hypoproteinemia debilitation infection |
Holding layer of small intestine | submucosa |
In surgical repair of perineal hernia, where does reoccurrence usually happen? | ventral aspect of hernia |
Most common perianal tumor | Perianal adenoma |
What qualifies an oblique fracture as short, long, or spiral? | Short - fracture <2x diameter of bone Long - fracture >2x diameter of bone Spiral - long oblique with twist |
Describe three subcategories of Type III open fractures | IIIa - adequate skin to close wound IIIb - insufficient skin to close, "degloving" IIIc - compromised vascular supply to distal limb |
What five forces act on bone? | tension compression bending shear torsion (rotation) |
What percentage of medullary cavity should intramedullary pins occupy? | 70% |
At what age is TPO done? | Triple Pelvic Osteotomy <10-12 months of age |
At what age is JPS done? | Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis 3-4 months of age |
Which suture material has absolute knot security? | stainless steel |
Biomechanical goal of TPO | provide dorsal coverage to prevent re-luxation of coxofemoral joint |
Complications of TPO | narrowed pelvic canal sciatic neuropraxia implant failure progressive OA abnormal gait |
How much of the small intestine can be safely removed? | 85% |
Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process etiology, signalment, treatment | etiology - excessive loading of joint, direct trauma, OCD-complex signalment - lameness begins at 4-9mos in large breed dogs treatemtn - arthrotomy or arthroscopy |
What is the purpose of the neutralization plate? | anatomically reconstructs fracture bone shares load and protects implants |
What is the purpose of the buttress plates? | supports fragments to prevent collapse and maintain bone length bone does NOT share load |
Order of loss of neural function | proprioception --> motor function --> superficial pain --> deep pain |
Horner's Syndrome | ptosis (drooping upper eyelid) miosis enopthalmos |
Procedure used to correct an ectopic ureter that completely bypasses the uterus | neoureterocystostomy |
Which direction does stomach rotate and which side of midline will the pylorus and duodenum be in GDV? | clockwise (on mesenteric axis) duodenum and pylorus will be to left of midline |
Osteochondrosis | disturbance in process of endochondral ossification in a focal area of a developing articular surface |
What is a pheochromocytoma? | neuroendocrine tumor of the medulla of the adrenal glands (chromaffin cells) OR extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue that failed to involute after birth secretes excessive amounts of catecholamines, epinephrine (adrenal) or norepinephrine (extra-adrenal) |
What are Balfour Retractors used for? | open GI surgery |
Difference between what OFA and Penn-Hip are testing for | OFA - degenerative OA or dysplasia Penn-Hipp - joint laxity |
Technically, a surgical infection requires what concentration of bacteria? | 10^5 cfu/gram of tissue |
Which suture material should NEVER be used in the bladder? | Dexon (dissolves quickly in alkaline environment) Braided multifilament suture |
Most common type of ectopic ureter in the canine | intraluminal ectopic ureter |
Most common type of ectopic ureter in the feline | extramural ectopic ureter |
Most common associated problem with ectopic ureters | hydronephrosis |
Most common urachal defect | vesicourachal diverticulum |
Congenital urethral abnormality with failure of fusion of urogenital folds | hypospadias |
Congenital urethral abnormality with failure of fusion of dorsal penile urethra | epispadias |
Most common locations for esophageal foreign body | thoracic inlet base of heart diaphragm |
What is the holding layer of the esophagus? | submucosa |
Describe Gastroduodenostomy (Bilroth I) | pylorectomy + partial gastrectomy + anastamosis of duodenum to stomach |
Describe Gastrojejunostomy (Bilroth II) | pylorectomy + partial gastrectomy + anastomosis of jejunum to stomach |
Name the two layers of an intussusception | intussucipiens - outside fold intussusceptum - inside fold |
What is the holding layer of the large intestine? | submucosa |
What are the two devices used to ligate a hepatic shunt? | ameroid ring cellophane band |
Name the factors of Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome | stenotic nares tonsillar enlargement elongated soft palate everted laryngeal saccules laryngeal collapse tracheal hypoplasia |