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VET 1055 CH 11
The Great Communicator
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| composed of ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers, called hormones, into the bloodstream | endocrine system |
| tissues and organs on which the hormones act | target organs |
| these may excite or inhibit a motion or action | hormone |
| located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus; also called hypophysis because it is a growth ventral to the hypothalamus; master gland because it secretes many hormones that control or master other endocrine glands | pituitary gland |
| hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland via this stalk | infundibulum |
| what are the two lobes of the pituitary gland | adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis |
| thyroid-stimulating hormone | augments growth and secretions of the thyroid gland (TSH) |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone | augments the growth and secretions of the adrenal cortex (ACTH) |
| follicle stimulating hormone | augments the secretion of estrogen and growth of eggs in the ovaries and production of sperm in testes FSH |
| luteinizing hormone | augments ovulation and aids in maintenence of pregnancy in females LH |
| interstitial cell stimulating hormone | stimulates testosterone secretion ni males ICSH |
| prolactin | augments milk secretion and influences maternal behavior (also known as lactogenic hormone or luteotropin) |
| growth hormone | accelerates body growth GH |
| melanocyte stimulating hormone | augments skin pigmentation MSH |
| antidiuretic hormone | maintains water balance in the body by augmenting water reabsorption in the kidneys ADH |
| oxytocin | stimulates uterine contractions during parturition and milk letdown from the mammary ducts |
| butterfly shaped gland that regulates metabolism, iodine uptake, and blood calcium levels | thyroid gland |
| four glands located on surface of thyroid gland that secrete parathyroid hormone to regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels | parathyroid glands |
| located cranial to each kidney; regulates electrolytes, metabolism, sexual funtions, and the body's response to injury | adrenal glands |
| adrenal cortex hormones | steroids |
| group that regulates electrolyte and water balance by affecting ion transport in kidney | mineralocorticoids |
| group that regulate carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism; resistance to stress; immunologic functioning | glucocorticoids |
| group of corticosteroids that aid in the development and mainenence of male sex characteristics | androgens |
| aggregation of cells located near teh proximal duodenum that has both exocrine and endocrine functions | pancreas |
| secrete the hormones that help regulate blood glucose | islets of Langerhans |
| hormone that decreses blood glucose levels by transporting blood glucose into body cells or into storage as glycogen | insulin |
| hormone that increases blood glucose levels by breaking down glycogen | glucagon |
| gland predominant in young animals located near midline in the cranioventral portion of the thoracic cavity; has an immunologic function through its role in maturation of T-lymphocytes | thymus gland |
| functions not fully understood; secretion of hormones that affect circadian rhythm | pineal gland |
| gamete-producting glands | gonads |
| blood analysis for cortisol levels after administration of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone | ACTH stimulation test |
| laboratory technique used to determine the amount of a particular substance in a sample | assays |
| blood analysis for cortisol levels after administration of synthetic glucocorticoid ; used to differentiate pituatary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism | dexamethasone suppression test |
| analysis of thyroid function after induction of radioactive iodine has been given orally or IV | radioactive iodine uptake test |
| blood analysis for thyroid hormone levels after administration of synthetic thyroid stimulating hormone | thyroid stimulation test |
| enlargement of the extremeties caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty | acromegaly |
| disorder caused by deficient adrenal cortex function | Addison's disease; hypoadrenocorticism |
| disease of the adrenal glands | adrenopathy |
| disorder caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex; reulting in electrolyte imbalance | aldosteronism |
| disorder caused by excessive adrenal cortex production of glucocorticoid, resuling in increased urination, drinking, and redistribution of body fat | Cushing's disease; hyperadrenocorticism |
| insufficient antidiuretic hormone productin or the inability of the kidneys to respond to ADH stimuli | diabetes insipidus |
| metabolic disorder of inadequate secretion of insulin or recognition of insulin by the body; resultin gin increased urination, drinking, and weight loss | diabetis mellitus |
| abnormal condition of low pH | acidosis |
| disease of the hormone producing system | endocrinopathy |
| condition of excessive mammary development in males | gynecomastia |
| condition of excessive gland secretion | hypercrinism |
| abnormally elevated blood glucose | hyperglycemia |
| abnormal condition of excessive hormone secretion by sex glands | hypergonadism |
| disorder of excessive hormon that transports blood glucose to body cells | hyperinsulinism |
| abnormal condition of excessive parathyroid hormone secretion resulting in hypercalcemia | hyperparathyroidism |
| condition of excessive secretion of the pituitary gland | hyperpituitarism |
| condition of excessive thyroid hormone | hyperthyroidism |
| condition of deficient gland secretion | hypocrinism |
| abnormally low blood glucose | hypoglycemia |
| abnormal condition of deficient hormone secretion by the sex glands | hypogonadism |
| abnormal condition of deficient parathyroid hormone secretion resulting in hypocalcemia | hypoparathyroidism |
| inflammation of the pituitary gland | hypophysitis |
| condition of thyroid hormone deficiency | hypothyroidism |
| tumor of the islet of Langerhans of the pancreas | insulinoma |
| inflammation of the pancreas | pancreatitis |
| tumor of the adrenal medulla resulting in increased secretion of epinephrine or norepinephrin | pheochromocytoma |
| disorder of the pineal gland | pinealopathy |
| disorder of the pituitary gland | pituitarism |
| tumor of the thymus | thymoma |
| enlargment of the thyroid gland | thyromegaly |
| abnormal life-threatening condition of excessive, poisonous quantities of thyroid hormones | thyrotoxicosis |
| surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands | adrenalectomy |
| administration of radioactive iodine to suppress thyroid function | chemical thyroidectomy |
| surgical removal of the pituitary gland | hypophysectomy |
| surgical removal of a love or a well defined portion of an organ | lobectomy |
| surgical removal of the pancreas | pancreatectomy |
| surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands | parathyroidectomy |
| surgical removal of the pineal gland | pinealectomy |
| surgical removal of the thymus | thymectomy |
| surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland | thyroidectomy |
Created by:
maiken
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