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VET 1055 CH 9
A Breath of Fresh Air
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| body system that brings oxygen from the body for delivery via the blood to the cells | respiratory system |
| diffusion of gases between the atmosphere and the cells of the body | respiration |
| intake of fresh air | ventilation |
| consists of nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx | upper respiratory tract |
| consists of trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs | lower respiratory tract |
| nas/o, rhin/o | combining forms for nose |
| paired external openings of the respiratory tract | nostrils, nares |
| warm blooded animals | endotherms |
| warm, humidify, and filter inspired air | nasal turbinates |
| tube that passes through the nose down to the stomach | nasogastric tube |
| rostral part of the nostrils and nasal cavity | vestibular |
| sept/o | combining form meaning partition |
| slimelike substance that is composed of glandular secretions, salts, cells, and leukocytes | mucus |
| responsible for the sense of smell | olfactory receptors |
| lymphatic tissue that protects the nasal cavity and upper throat | tonsils |
| air-filled or fluid-filled space | sinus |
| what are the sinuses | frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, palatine, lacrimal, conchal |
| throat | pharynx |
| portion of throat posterior to the nasal cavity and above the soft palate | nasopharynx |
| portion of throat between the soft palate and the epiglottis | oropharynx |
| portion of throat below the epiglottis that opens into the voice box and esophagus | laryngopharynx |
| acts like a lid and covers the larynx during swallowing | epiglottis |
| voice box, located between pharynx and trachea | larynx |
| space between vocal cords | glottis |
| windpipe | trachea |
| branches from trachea | bronchi |
| air sacs in which most of the gas exchange occurs | alveoli |
| liquid that prevents the collapse of the alveoli during expiration | surfactant |
| main organ of respiration | lung |
| functional elements of an organ, as opposed to framework | parenchyma |
| framework of an organ | stroma |
| region between the lungs | mediastinum |
| membrane sac encasing each lung | pleura |
| outer layer of membrane lining the inner wall of the thoracic cavity | parietal pleura |
| inner layer of the membrane lining the outside of the lung | visceral pleura |
| potential space between the parietal and visceral pleura | pleural space |
| separates the thoracic and peritoneal cavities | diaphragm |
| abnormal displacement of organs through the muscle separating the chest and the abdomen | diaphragmatic hernia |
| drawing in a breath | inhalation/inspiration |
| release of breath | exhalation/expiration |
| absence of breathing | apnea |
| difficult of labored breathing | dyspnea |
| abnormally slow respiratory rates | bradypnea |
| abnormally rapid respiratory rates | tachypnea |
| abnormal increase in rate and depth of respiration | hyperpnea |
| abnormally slow or shallow respiration | hypopnea |
| abnormally rapid deep breathing | hyperventilation |
| respiration near death or during extreme suffering | agonal breathing |
| inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue despite an adequate blood supply | hypoxia |
| refers to excessive amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood | hypercapnia |
| decrease in carbon dioxide levels in blood | hypocapnia |
| excessive amount of co2 in blood due to decreased ventilation can lower the pH of blood | respiratory acidosis |
| co2 levels are abnormally low due to increased ventilation | respiratory alkalosis |
| sounds of popping bubbles that suggests fluid accumulation | bubbling |
| fine or coarse interrupted crackling noises coming from collapsed or fluid-filled alveoli during inspiration | crepitation or rales |
| less or no sound of air movement suggesting consolidation of lung tissue | decreased lung sounds |
| number or respiration per minute | respiratory rate |
| abnormal, continuous, musical, high-pitched whistling sounds heard during inspiration | rhonchi, wheezes |
| snoring, squeaking, or whistling that suggests airway narrowing | stridor |
| sound resulting from air passing through small bronchi and alveoli | vesicular sounds |
| amount of air exchanged during normal respiration (air inhaled and exhaled in one breath) | tidal volume |
| amount of air inspired over the total volume | inspiratory reserve volume or complemental air |
| amount of air expired over the total volume | expiratory reserve volume or supplemental air |
| air remaining in the lungs after a forced expiration | residual volume |
| air in the pathway of the respiratory system | dead space |
| amount of air left in alveoli after the lung collapses | minimal volume |
| largest amount of air that can be moved in the lung | vital capacity |
| collection of fluid or mucus from the bronchi and/ or alveoli via an endoscope or endotracheal tube | bronchoalveolar lavage |
| visual exam of the bronchus | bronchoscopy |
| visual exam of the voice box | laryngoscopy |
| diagnostic procedure used to determine density in which sound is produced by tapping various body surfaces with a finger or an instrument | percussion |
| thick mucus secreted by the respiratory lining | phlegm |
| image of internal structures created by exposure of sensitized film to X-rays | radiography |
| instrument used to measure air taken in and out of the lungs | spirometer |
| puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity | thoracocentesis |
| collection of fluid or mucus from the trachea via an endotracheal tube to assess respiratory disease | tracheal wash |
| sterile collection of fluid or mucus from the trachea via a catheter inserted through the skin into the trachea to assess respiratory disease | transtracheal wash |
| insertion of a hole-boring instrument into a sinus to establish fluid drainage or to allow access to the roots of the teeth | trephination |
| absence of oxygen | anoxia |
| interruption of breathing resulting in lack of oxygen (suffication) | asphyxiation |
| inhalation of a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract | aspiration |
| chronic allergic disorder | asthma |
| incomplete expansion of the alveoli; collapse of a lung | atelectasis |
| dilation of the bronchi | bronchiectasis |
| inflammation of bronchi | bronchitis |
| abnormal condition of the bronchi and lung | bronchopneumonia |
| general term for abnormal conditions in equine in which expiratory flow is slowed; heaves; COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| abnormal opening in the diaphragm that allows part of the abdominal organs to migrate into the chest cavity | diaphragmatic hernia |
| chronic lung disease caused by enlargement of the alveoli or changes in the alveolar wall | emphysema |
| nosebleed | epistaxis |
| roaring | equine laryngeal hemiplegia |
| spitting of blood from the lower respiratory tract | hemoptysis |
| accumulation of blood in the chest cavity | hemothorax |
| inflammation of the voice box | laryngitis |
| paralysis of the voice box | laryngoplegia |
| sudden fluttering or closure of the voice box | laryngospasm |
| inflammation of the throat | pharyngitis |
| act of producing sound | phonation |
| inability to produce sound | aphonation |
| abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space | pleural effusion |
| inflammation of the pleura | pleurisy; pleuritis |
| abnormal condition of the pleura and the lung | pleuropneumonia |
| abnormal condition of the lung that usually involves inflammation and congestion of the lung | pneumonia |
| abnormal accumulation of fluid | congestion |
| abnormal accumulation of air or gas in the chest cavity | pneumothorax |
| growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane; usually benign | polyp |
| accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue | pulmonary edema |
| abnormal formation of fibers in the alveolar walls | pulmonary fibrosis |
| accumulation of pus in the chest cavity | pyothorax |
| inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes | rhinitis |
| inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes and lungs | rhinopneumonitis |
| nasal discharge | rhinorrhea |
| inflammation of the sinus | sinusitis |
| common term for upper respiratory disease in rabbits | snuffles |
| narrowed nostrils that reduce airway flow | stenotic nares |
| inflammation of the windpipe | tracheitis |
| inflammation fo the trachea and bronchi | tracheobronchitis |
| invasion of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, or larynx (or trachea) by pathogenic organisms URI | Upper Respiratory Infection |
| passage of a tube through the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx into the windpipe | endotracheal intubation |
| surgical removal of the voice box | laryngectomy |
| surgical repair of the voice box | laryngoplasty |
| surgical removal of a lobe | lobectomy |
| surgical repair of the throat | pharyngoplasty |
| surgical creation of an opening into the throat | pharyngostomy |
| surgical incision into the throat | pharyngotomy |
| surgical removal of all or part of the pleura | pleurectomy |
| surgical removal of lung tissue | pneumonectomy |
| surgical incision into a sinus | sinusotomy |
| surgical incision into the chest wall | thoracotomy |
| surgical repair of the windpipe | tracheoplasty |
| surgical creation of an opening into the windpipe (usually involves insertion and placement of a tube | tracheostomy |
| surgical incision into the windpipe | tracheotomy |
Created by:
maiken
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