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Catheters
Ms. Foitik Special Topics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| IV Catheters are placed where | Cephalic, jugular, saphenous |
| four types of catheters | Butterfly, OTN(Over the needle), TTN(through the needle), Single lumen/multi lumen guidewire |
| Butterfly catheter | temporary catheter(anesthesia, pulling blood), not left indwelling for longer than a few minutes, Needle still intact! |
| OTN Catheters | goes over the needle (like a cover and it stays in once the needle is removed);Come in various lengths and gauge sizes just like needles,twist and pull to open it, Sterile(do not set it down once opened) |
| TTN Catheters | Through the needle catheter(very flexible and it goes through the needle into the vein) |
| Single Lumen and multi lumen guidewire Catheter | detailed placement instructions come from the manufacturer for these types of catheters |
| Multi lumen use | IV fluids, Blood draw, and Medications all at once |
| Cephalic Vein | Most common vein to use. |
| Jugular Vein | allows longer term use and ability to give larger volumes of medication with different velocity. |
| Saphenous Vein | mostly used when cephalic vein is unusable, but can be used at any time. |
| Indwelling Catheter Prep | Step one: shave the area Step two: Aseptic Scrub Step three: Place the IV Catheter Step four: Flushing the Catheter and Securing IV line Step five: Anesthetize and prepare for surgery |
| shave area with | #40 blade |
| Catheter flushing | Heparinized Saline Solution (1 unit of heparin per millimeter of 0.9% saline solution) |
| Supplies! | Appropriate Catheter, Antimicrobial scrub, Alcohol, Gauze sponges, Heparinized flush, Syringes, Needles*, Injection cap/plug, Clippers, Bandage tape, Bandage scissors*, Vet Wrap* |
| IV Catheters placed when | When intravenous fluids or drugs must be infused in large volumes, repeatedly, or continuously |
| Urinary Catheter | Amount and color of urine |
| Arterial artery on large dog | 22 or 20 gauge catheter |
| Arterial artery on medium and small dogs | 24 or 22 gauge catheter |
| Arterial artery on very small dogs or cats | 24 gauge |
| Flush venous catheters every | 4-6 hours with heparinized saline |
| Continuous infusion of fluids flushed every | 8-12 hours |
| Jugular vein TTN catheter | Inserted down, ventral. No flash, it goes up and down with heartbeat |
| CVP | Central venous pressure Measuring BP from jugular vein |
| TPN | Infusion of parential pressure |
| Aseptic scrub | Three minutes. Alcohol + chlorhexodine Soap scrub, alcohol scrub, soap wipe, alcohol wipe, soap wipe, alcohol wipe, |
| Arterial catheters used for | Critically ill patients, monitoring blood pressure, severe pneumonia, pulmonary contusions, physical trauma, cervical disk disease |
| True or false. Arterial blood is a more accurate indicator of respiratory status than venous blood. | True. Venous blood is saturated with carbon dioxide |
| Blood gas machines provide | Partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. pH, base excess, and sodium bicarbonate levels (which determine acid base stairs and electrolyte balance) |
| Most common arterial site | Metatarsal artery (hindlimb artery on distal to the hock), preferred over femoral due to less blood loss if patient pulls on catheter |
| Femoral artery placement | Surgical cut-down may be required to visualize artery because of muscle and fat. |
| Supplies for arterial catheter | 2 in porous tape, 4x4 in gauze sponges soaked in chlorhexidine scrub, alcohol, t-set adapter, and clippers |
| Auricular arterial catheter | Large amount of gauze needed and placed in pinna, catheter taped around the ear. Only placed when alternative site NOT found |
| Metacarpal arterial catheter | Tendons, muscles and veins present in this area. Only used if metatarsal catheter cannot be placed |
| Arterial catheter guidelines | Never infuse any meds into catheter. Catheter not being used to obtain arterial bp, flush catheter with small amount of heparinized saline to keep patent. Not connecting to direct bp machine, place a male adapter plug on the t-set |
| Hemorrhage out of arterial catheter if | T-set or male adapter becomes disconnected. Large amount of blood loss, due to it being an artery |
| Catheter and insertion site checked | Daily for cleanliness. If urine or defecation on catheter, remove tape immediately and clean insertion site. |
Created by:
Marie11892
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